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是因為這個原因,幾乎所有的汽車都配有穩(wěn)定桿作為標準裝備,即使它們沒有安裝,也可以在任何時候很容易的進行安裝。這將創(chuàng)造一個更平穩(wěn)的車程,并減少車輛的晃動。這降低了輪胎的抓地能力,以及處理和制動性能。它執(zhí)行兩項工作:它們提供減震器的減震作用,并且它們?yōu)槠噾壹芟到y(tǒng)提供支撐結構。考慮到這一點,在壓縮循環(huán)時控制車輛的簧下重量的運動,而延長周期控制更重一些的簧載重量。減震器工作在兩個周期 壓縮循環(huán)和延長周期。當汽車車輪在路面上遇到碰撞,造成彈簧線圈卷和開,彈簧的能量通過上部分轉移到減震器,向下沿著活塞桿進入活塞。部件上部安裝的連接到車架(即簧載質(zhì)量),而較低的安裝連接到車軸,靠近輪(即簧下的質(zhì)量)。輸入減震器和緩沖器,一個裝置,通過控制一個不期望的彈簧運動的過程如同阻尼。其他的結構,就如眾所周知的阻尼器,要求做到這一點。緊的彈簧汽車,如跑車(認為馬自達的Miata),在顛簸的道路上,它們可以減弱車身的震動,這意味著它們可以更活躍更靈動即便是在死角轉彎時。彈簧:簧載質(zhì)量和簧下質(zhì)量簧載質(zhì)量是彈簧支撐的汽車質(zhì)量,而簧下質(zhì)量粗略的定義為道路和懸架彈簧之間的質(zhì)量。這一概念其實可以在一個多世紀前的馬拉車上發(fā)現(xiàn)。另一端連接到一個橫臂,它就像一個杠桿,移動垂直扭力桿。鋼板彈簧首先應用于馬車且在1985年的美國汽車上已經(jīng)普及了??紤]到這個大圖的概述,讓我們看看汽車懸架系統(tǒng)的三個主要組成部分:彈簧、減震器和防搖桿。汽車的懸掛系統(tǒng)通過它的各個組成部分,提供所有的解決方案。你需要的是一個能夠吸收車輪垂直加速能量的系統(tǒng),使車架和車身在車輪沿顛簸的道路行駛時不受干擾。無論哪種方式,汽車輪轂出現(xiàn)的垂直加速度,是由于它通過一個路面的缺陷。它的這些缺陷聚集于車輪。圖1 Honda Accord 2005 Coupe雙橫臂汽車懸架汽車懸架的工作是最大化的充分利用輪胎和路面之間的摩擦,以提供良好的操縱穩(wěn)定性,以確保乘客的舒適性。t provide a perfectly smooth ride. Why? Because springs are great at absorbing energy, but not so good at dissipating it. Other structures, known as dampers, are required to do this. Dampers: Shock AbsorbersUnless a dampening structure is present, a car spring will extend and release the energy it absorbs from a bump at an uncontrolled rate. The spring will continue to bounce at its natural frequency until all of the energy originally put into it is used up. A suspension built on springs alone would make for an extremely bouncy ride and, depending on the terrain, an uncontrollable car. Enter the shock absorber, or snubber, a device that controls unwanted spring motion through a process known as dampening. Shock absorbers slow down and reduce the magnitude of vibratory motions by turning the kinetic energy of suspension movement into heat energy that can be dissipated through hydraulic fluid. To understand how this works, it39。s springing systems are based on one of four basic designs: Coil springs This is the most mon type of spring and is, in essence, a heavyduty torsion bar coiled around an axis. Coil springs press and expand to absorb the motion of the wheels. Leaf springs This type of spring consists of several layers of metal (called leaves) bound together to act as a single unit. Leaf springs