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d written language must not be too near together, as they must not be too far apart. Spoken language: an efficient way for social or phatic munication ? Spoken language: ocean mutable, shifting, and difficult to capture and define Written language: an efficient way for spreading the knowledge ? Written language : mountain permanent, clearly delineated, and available for inspection The contrasts between spoken and written language ? Spoken language: phonic substance ? Written language: graphic substance ? Spoken language can exploit intonation and voice pitch to convey information ? Written language: read “between the lines” ? Spoken language: Both participants are present, and the speaker has a specific addressee (or group of addressees) in mind. ? Written language: The producer is distant from the recipient and, often, may not even know who the recipient is. ? Spoken language Loosely structured grammatically lexically sparse ? Written language ? Grammatically pact and lexically dense The use of this method of control unquestionably leads to safer and faster trains running in the most adverse conditions. You can control the