language-study-(spoken-or-written)-語言學習-口頭語言和書面語言比較學習(存儲版)
【正文】 nguage supreme ? 4. Writing supreme ? 5. Compromise ? An identical spoken and written language would be practically intolerable. If we spoke as we write we should find no one to listen。 written static Not rejecting the phonemic principle The unit of content is expressed in two ways Little account of the differences in the nature of the two forms Focusing on differences in form and function Not denying the phonic aspect of writing Speech a process。 Higgins (1985) social cognitive consequences of munication tend to be greater for written than for oral munication … the alphabet converted the Greek spoken tongue into a artifact, thereby separating it from the speaker and making it into a ‘language’, that is an object available for inspection, reflection, analysis Further explanations ● More formal amp。 more likely to provide the standard that society values ● Allowing repeated reading and close analysis for its permanence ● Useful amp。 equal systems of language (William Haas) ● Complement each other in functions (Josef Vachek) ● A related view with Vachek () ● Keeping a balance between the two forms (M. . Halliday) Written signs are not secondar
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