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新概念自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀第一冊(cè)(文件)

 

【正文】 ons23~24 課文詳注2.The ones on the 。3.These?這幾只?是Do you want these?的省略形式。 5.?dāng)?shù)字1,117,1,420,1,925,2,000的英文寫法1,117one thousand one hundred and seventeen 1,420one thousand four hundred and twenty 1,925one thousand nine hundred and twentyfive 2,000two thousand 即使介詞與賓語(yǔ)分開(kāi)時(shí),這種關(guān)系仍必定存在。想表示在一個(gè)表面(即看來(lái)是平面)上面時(shí),就可用介詞on:the pens on the desk桌上的鋼筆 the boxes on the floor地板上的盒子the bottles on the dressing table梳妝臺(tái)上的瓶子 the magazines on the bed床上的雜志I put it on his desk. 我把它放在他的辦公桌上了。 Lessons25~26 課文詳注)第2次時(shí)就不再是泛指任何一個(gè),而是特指所指的那個(gè)了,因此要用定冠詞the。(2)the的發(fā)音:the在輔音前讀/J+/,如:the floor, the table, the bed, the desk。(3)the的基本用法: A the通常有明確的所指(即以說(shuō)話人或聽(tīng)話人已知的人或物為前提);B the可與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞(總是單數(shù)形式)連用。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)d like a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。2.glass(2)杯中物;酒:He has had a glass too much. 他多喝了一杯(或喝醉了)。Lessons27~28 課文詳注語(yǔ)法No, there isn39。No, there are no newspapers on the shelf. 沒(méi)有,架子上沒(méi)有任何報(bào)紙。(1)some(表示確定的數(shù)量)表示“某些但不是全部”的意思,通常用于肯定句中。Have you got some paperclips in that box? 你那只盒子里有一些回形針吧?(我知道或我認(rèn)為你有一些,故希望你會(huì)說(shuō)“有”。如:There are not any spoons in the cupboard. 櫥柜中沒(méi)有任何湯匙。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)re near the bed. 地板上有些鞋子。 uncle is my nearest relative. 我叔叔是我血緣最近的親戚。Lessons29~30 課文詳注 Further notes on the text 1.untidy,亂,不整齊。在說(shuō)話人看來(lái),沒(méi)有選擇余地。如:Yous go out and breathe some fresh air. 咱們出去呼吸點(diǎn)新鮮空氣吧。2.empty (1)v. 使空;把…倒出(移出):Empty the bottle of milk. 倒光瓶里的牛奶。(3)adj. 空的:There are some empty bottles in the refrigerator. 冰箱里有一些空瓶子。Officials were flattered by empty plements. 官員們被空洞的恭維話弄得心里美滋滋的。Lessons31~32課文詳注s tree. 她正在樹(shù)陰下坐著。 is4.run thousand 1,000,000one現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式(am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞組成。對(duì)大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞來(lái)說(shuō),在動(dòng)詞后面直接加ing即可構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在分詞,如doing, climbing。如:He39。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)(2)逐步上升(增長(zhǎng)):The temperature is climbing steadily. 溫度正在慢慢地平穩(wěn)上升。2.runHer eyes ran with tears. 她落淚了。句中的it是指天氣。3.There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is ,但陽(yáng)光燦爛。句中with是介詞,表示“和……一起”。又如:The aeroplane is flying over the river. 飛機(jī)正在河上飛過(guò)。句中on意為“在……上面”(接觸表面)。句中under意為“在……下面(或下方)”。boat一詞指河中行駛的小船。 Grammar in use 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(2)(請(qǐng)參見(jiàn) Lessons 31~32語(yǔ)法部分。詞匯學(xué)習(xí)(2)略去;跳過(guò):He jumped the first grade in college. 他跳過(guò)大學(xué)一年級(jí)(指跳級(jí)直接升入二年級(jí))。2.sleep (1): He sleeps for only 4 hours every night.句中of是介詞,表示“……的”。between是介詞,表示“在……(兩者)之間”。4.He is swimming across the 。語(yǔ)法最常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是由英語(yǔ)中最短小和最簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的,這些動(dòng)詞常與表示位置或方向的詞組合,如along, down, in, off, on, out, over, under等。re going into the business world. 他們正步入商界。(2)離開(kāi);走開(kāi):It39。Lessons37~38 課文詳注s=Pink is。 to (1)將來(lái)時(shí)be going to的形式由am/is/are going to +動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。He is going to paint the bookcase tomorrow. 他準(zhǔn)備明天給書架刷漆。s going to rain! 天要下雨了!She39。2.work (1);勞動(dòng):He works 45 hours per week. 他每周工作45個(gè)小時(shí)。(4)n. 工作;勞動(dòng);作業(yè);職業(yè):He wants to have a good sleep after a day39。在英文中需用祈使語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表示直接的命令、建議等多種意圖。(請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本課語(yǔ)法部分。如果直接賓語(yǔ)置于動(dòng)詞give之后,間接賓語(yǔ)之前則帶to。 we Grammar in use 祈使句的否定縮略式形式為Don39。一般而言,祈使句的否定式通常用Don39。 Grammar in use 祈使句的否定縮略式形式為Don39。一般而言,祈使句的否定式通常用Don39。 Word study 1.dropShe dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone. 她放下刀叉趕緊去接電話。2.sendll send him a present. 我將給他送去一件禮物。Lessons41~42 課文詳注口語(yǔ)中回答問(wèn)題時(shí),常把主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)都省略,只剩一個(gè)副詞、一個(gè)副詞詞組或一個(gè)動(dòng)。 。Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries. 她母親經(jīng)常差遣她去商店買些雜貨。 letter to her sister. 她準(zhǔn)備給她的姐姐寄封信。(3)(使)下降;降低:He dropped his voice. 他把聲音放低了些。t drop it. t wait! 別等了!Don39。 t wait! 別等了!Don39。有別于in the front of,在……的前部。在第21課有g(shù)ive me a book這樣的句型,在本課中又出現(xiàn)了give it to me的句型。t(或Do not)+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成,又如課文中的Don39。 Further notes on the text 1. Don39。The students finished all their work in class. 學(xué)生們當(dāng)堂把全部作業(yè)都完成了。(3);做作業(yè):If you work hard, you39。 Word study 1.paint (1),涂: What colour is George going to paint it? 喬治準(zhǔn)備把它漆成什么顏色的?(2)v.(用顏料)畫:Who painted this picture? 這幅畫是誰(shuí)畫的?(3);描繪:His novel paints a peaceful picture of the country life in Europe. 他的小說(shuō)描繪了有關(guān)歐洲鄉(xiāng)村生活的寧?kù)o畫面。如:George is going to paint it pink. Is George going to paint it pink? 喬治打算把它刷成粉紅色嗎?在助動(dòng)詞后面加上not可以得到否定句。Where are you going to build the road? 你們將在什么地方筑路?C表示預(yù)言一件事即將發(fā)生:The meeting is going to begin at nine. 會(huì)議將在9點(diǎn)開(kāi)始。(在非正式語(yǔ)體中,一般多用be going to,而不用will。 Grammar in use 將來(lái)時(shí) bes for my daughter, 。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本課語(yǔ)法部分。 run along. 天黑了,我們得走了。(2)口拖延;壓下:They are trying to sit on the bad news as long as possible. 他們正試圖盡可能拖延時(shí)間不把這個(gè)壞消息講出去。 Word study 1.go into (1)走進(jìn);進(jìn)入:He is going into a shop. 他正走進(jìn)一家商店。The children are jumping off the branch. 孩子們正從樹(shù)枝上跳下來(lái)。英語(yǔ)(特別是在非正式的、慣用的英語(yǔ))中存在著一種用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)代替與其同義的單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)烈趨勢(shì)。5.beside a park,位于公園旁邊。3.a(chǎn)long the banks of the river, 沿著河岸。 房間的窗戶2.It is between two hills. 我們的村莊坐落在一個(gè)山谷之中。 a photographI was so excited that I could hardly sleep. 我興奮得無(wú)法入睡。His pany39。v. (1)跳躍;躍過(guò):They are jumping a ditch. 他們正躍過(guò)一個(gè)深溝。當(dāng)句中主語(yǔ)名詞為復(fù)數(shù)或者人稱代詞為第2人稱或第3人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式應(yīng)為are。 樹(shù)下有只狗。 the table. 桌上有一本書。over還可表不“在……上方”(不接觸表面),如:The sky is over our heads. 天空在我們頭頂上。5.They are walking over the 。兩分句之間大多要用逗號(hào),有時(shí)可不用逗號(hào)。some既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Many young men are running after that girl. 許多年輕人在追求那個(gè)姑娘。He runs a mile every morning to keep fit. 他每天早晨跑一英里步以保持身體健康。(3)(在社會(huì)地位等方面)往上爬:He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social ladder. 他正努力爬到社會(huì)的最頂層。 v. (1)攀登,攀爬: The children are always climbing trees. 孩子們總是在爬樹(shù)。如:The dog is drinking its milk. The dog is not drinking its milk. 狗沒(méi)在喝它的那份牛奶。如果動(dòng)詞只有一個(gè)元音字母而其后跟了一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí),則需將與輔音字母雙寫,再加ing,如running, sitting。s sitting under the tree 和He39。語(yǔ)法5.?dāng)?shù)字200,000與1,000,000的英文寫法200,000twoWhat a bout…?(……怎么樣?)是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)中較常用的一個(gè)句式,也可以說(shuō)How about…?about一詞后面可跟人,也可跟物。請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)本課語(yǔ)法部分。 unders =Where is。He said all this in an empty voice. 他用一種呆板的聲調(diào)說(shuō)了這一切。(4)adj. 空虛的,無(wú)意義的:It39。(2)v. 流出;走出:The river emptied itself into the sea. 河水流入大海。(3)(衣服、被褥等);使通風(fēng):Open the windows and air the room. 打開(kāi)窗戶使房間通風(fēng)。(我說(shuō)這有必要) 詞匯學(xué)習(xí)表示個(gè)人感情時(shí)通常用must。2.a(chǎn)ir the room,語(yǔ)法s pretty near. 這幅畫也許不是一件一模一樣的復(fù)制品,但它已酷似原作了。(2)關(guān)系接近的,親近的:She is a near friend of mine. 她是我的一位密友。adj. (1)靠近的,接近的:
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