國(guó)際貿(mào)易法第三章(文件)
【正文】 月 25日到達(dá)目的港，這時(shí)正趕上化肥的價(jià)格下跌，使 A公司在出售化肥時(shí)的價(jià)格大大下降，另一方面由于收貨人已為接貨做好了運(yùn)輸工具和倉(cāng)庫(kù)的安排，化肥的延遲到港也造成收貨人在這方面的損失。同時(shí)，寧德公司的國(guó)內(nèi)買(mǎi)方與其解除合同并索賠違約金。 B. The HagueVisby Rules Ever since the Hague Rules came into force, many shippers especially smaller shippers from developing countries began to plain the Hague Rules about its excessive limitations to carrier39。 ? 2022年 12月 11日， CMI將起草的 《 運(yùn)輸法草案 》提交給 UNCITRAL秘書(shū)處。s Republic of China Maritime Code of the People39。 (4) Name of the shipper。 (8) Place where the goods were taken over and the place where the goods are to be delivered in case of a multimodal transport bill of lading。 The carrier。 Date: date when the good was loaded。 ? 不合理繞航（ Unlawful/Unreasonable Deviation） Terms and proper names Himalaya clauses 喜馬拉雅條款 If a carrier is relieved from liability under Hague Rules, can a plaintiff recover against the captain or crew? The Hague Rules do not apply to parties other than the carrier. To protect the other parties, carriers include provisions in their bills of lading extending the protection of the Hague Rules to their agents, employees, and independent contractors. These Himalaya clauses, named after a famous case, are recognized in some countries, including the ., and are invalid in others such as the . and Canada. ? period of responsibility: ? The responsibility of the carrier for the goods covers the period during which the carrier is in charge of the goods at the port of loading, during the carriage and at the port of discharge. ? In the following circumstances, the carrier is deemed to be in charge of the goods: ? (a) From the time he has taken over the goods。 (3) By handing over the goods to an authority or other third party to whom, pursuant to law or regulations applicable at the port of discharge, the goods must be handed over. basis of liability (1) The carrier is liable for loss resulting from loss of or damage to the goods, as well as from delay in delivery, if the occurrence which caused the loss, damage or delay took place while the goods were in his charge, unless the carrier proves that he, his servants or agents took all measures that could reasonably be required to avoid the occurrence and its consequences. (2) Delay in delivery occurs (a) when the goods have not been delivered at the port of discharge provided for in the contract of carriage by sea within the time expressly agreed upon or, (b) in the absence of such agreement, within the time which it would be reasonable to require of a diligent carrier, having regard to the circumstances of the case. (3) The carrier is liable (a) For loss of or damage to the goods or delay in delivery caused by fire, if the claimant proves that the fire arose from fault or neglect on the part of the carrier, his servants or agents。 5月 14日，原告委托被告從廣州承運(yùn)金屬硅到日本橫濱港，并由被告代理辦理報(bào)關(guān)手續(xù)。裝貨后由貨車(chē)司機(jī)關(guān)閉集裝箱門(mén)并加鉛封。其中GZM20225063號(hào)提單項(xiàng)下的集裝箱號(hào)碼為：CNCU286696 CNCU255810碼為 CNCU25346 TRLU20840箱單記載， CNCU25512 CNCU2533578兩個(gè)集裝箱的貨物重量均為 ， CNCU286696CNCU2558107兩個(gè)集裝箱的貨物重量均為 。 6月 25日三菱公司向原告索賠稱(chēng)：合同 01DFE017及 01DFE009發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重短缺，產(chǎn)生了 7，895美元的索賠。短貨的 4個(gè)集裝箱的鉛封均完好無(wú)損，故問(wèn)題均發(fā)生在封箱之前。三菱公司已向原告提出索賠。在本案中，該批貨物是原告自己負(fù)責(zé)裝箱、監(jiān)裝點(diǎn)數(shù)并施鉛封。 五、有關(guān)提單的國(guó)際公約 （一） Hague Rules ? 1924年 8月 25日 《 統(tǒng)一提單若干法律規(guī)則的國(guó)際公約 》 ? 1931年 6月 2日生效 ? 16條 ? 我國(guó)吸收了一些規(guī)范 （二） Visby Rules ? 1968年 2月 23日 《 修改統(tǒng)一提單若干法律規(guī)則的國(guó)際公約議定書(shū) 》 ? 1977年 6月 23日生效 ? 修改范圍 ? 擴(kuò)大適用范圍 ? 提單對(duì)第三人的證據(jù)力 ? 責(zé)任限制 ? 訴訟時(shí)效 ? 核能損害責(zé)任 （三） Hamburg Rules ? 1978年 《 聯(lián)合國(guó)海上貨物運(yùn)輸公約 》 ? 1992年 11月 1日生效 ? 船貨雙方合理分擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 漢堡規(guī)則的內(nèi)容 1 ? 適用范圍 ? 實(shí)際承運(yùn)人 ? 貨物的范圍 ? 清潔提單的概念 ? 管貨責(zé)任期間：接到交 漢堡規(guī)則的內(nèi)容 2 ? 責(zé)任基礎(chǔ)的變化 ? 賠償金額的提高 ? 遲延交貨的賠償 漢堡規(guī)則的內(nèi)容 3 ? 保函的意義 ? 索賠時(shí)效 ? 管轄權(quán)（法院選擇） 漢堡規(guī)則的內(nèi)容 4 ? 漢堡規(guī)則與海牙規(guī)則、維斯比規(guī)則之關(guān)系 Marine Cargo Insurance. definition: A contract of marine insurance is a contract whereby the insurer undertakes, as agreed, to indemnify the loss to the subject matter insured and the liability of the insured caused by perils covered by the insurance against the payment of an insurance premium by the insured. What is perils? The covered perils mean any maritime perils agreed upon between the insurer and the insured, including perils occurring in inland rivers or on land which is related to a maritime adventure. essential terms of such contract: A contract of marine insurance mainly includes: (1) Name of the insurer。 (5) Insured amount。s Insurance Company of China, the following basic insurance covers are available in marine insurance: . Free From Particular Average Insurance (FPA) Under FPA the insurance pany will be responsible to pay claims for: (1) total losses during transportation suffered by natural calamities。 (2) Exemptible issues expressly stipulated in the insurance contract。 2. With Particular Average Insurance (WPA) The cover of this insurance is more extensive. The insurer is liable for: (1) All FPA insurance。 (7) Duration of insurance coverage。 (3) Subject matter insured。本案貨物的鉛封從原告裝箱托運(yùn)到目的港交付集裝箱時(shí)，一直是完好的。 ? ? （二）被告的
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