【正文】 學作家，the first great prose stylist of American romanticism. 美國第一位浪漫主義散文文體作家 紐約的歷史美國人寫的第一部詼諧文學杰作；The Sketch Book見聞札記The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的傳說使之成為美國第一個獲得國際聲譽的作家；Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田莊；Talks of Travellers旅客談；The Alhambra阿爾罕伯拉 Fenimore Cooper The Littlepage Manuscripts④his most important works are “Representative Men ”《代表》and “English Traits”《英國人》、“Poems”《詩集》?！癕osses from an Old Manse”《古廈青苔》、“The Marble Faun”《玉石神像》“The Scarlet Letter”《紅字》人物：Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth,“Moby Dick”《白鯨》人物：Captain ；Queequeg，捕鯨人奎因奎格 Ishmael講故事的人，Starkbuck 星巴克Walt Whitman “Because I could not stop for Death”我不能等候死神Theme：死亡是實現(xiàn)永恒Immortality的途徑“A modern instance《一個現(xiàn)代的例證》“The rise of Silas Lapham”《塞拉斯。 ②特點：local colorist 地方特色:a unique variation of American literary realism, it refers to the particular concern about the local character of a region. “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”用詞簡單、幽默、使用當?shù)卣Z言編寫 “Life on the Mississippi” ①代表作：“Sister Carrie”《嘉莉妹妹》 the first novel, which traces the material rise of Carrie Meeber and the tragic decline of G. W. Hurstwood. “The Financier”、“The Titan”、“The Stoic”Trilogy of Desire 欲望三部曲1Thomas Stearns Eliot 現(xiàn)代主義代言人 自然主義詩人 poet1Ernest Hemingway “Long days’Journey”自傳21. 《奧吉 、賽姆勒先生的行星》Mr Sammlers Plannet”（1970）、 《洪堡的禮物》 （1975）、 《系主任的十二月》 （1981）、 《而今更見傷心死》 （1987）、《偷竊》（1989）等。 猶太人Jewish“The Catcher of the Rye”《麥田里的守望者》 Critical Realism:English critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the early fifties. The critical realists decribed with much vividness and great artistic skill the chief traits of the English society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic critical realists included Charles Dickens,Thackeray,the Bronte Sisters and so on.. refers to the period between the 14th and mid17th century. It means revival , revival of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture. Renaissance， in essence ， was a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars made attempts device which implies a special focus. Whether it be geographical or temporal. A wellknown loca colourism author was Mark Twain with his books Tom Sawyer and The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn.。 in all areas placed by the Roman church is the keynote of the Renaissance.The greatest humanist was Thomas More.:Imagism was an AngloAmercian poetic movement flourishing in the 1910s. Its program was formulated about 1912 by the Amercian poet,Ezra Pound and the movement soon broke up in about 1917. The imagist poetry was a kind of free verse shaking off the conventional metres and emphasizing on the use of mon speech,new rhythms and clear images. The two most important English poets of the first half of 20th century were Yeats and Eliot.名詞解釋 romanticism:Owing to difference in social and political attitudes,the romanticists split into two romantic writers expressed the aspirations of the classes created by capitalism and held out an ideal,though a vague one,of a feature society free from oppression and were the younger generation of romanticists represented by Byron,Shelley and Keats.《赫索格》成為美國轟動一時的暢銷書。由于把“豐富多彩的流浪漢小說與當代文化的精妙分析結合在一起”，這部小說成為當代美國文學中描寫自意識和個人自由的典型之作。 諾貝爾從1941年到1987年的4O余年間，貝婁共出版了9部長篇小說。 諾貝爾“Of Mice and Men”《人鼠之間》 portrayed the tragic friendship between two migrant workers“The Grapes of Wrath”《憤怒的葡萄》regarded as mas