生態(tài)學(xué)（ecology）(文件)
【正文】 f eleven integrative levels of anization. ?Fig. 14 Compared with the strong setpoint controls at the anism level and below, anization and function at the population level and above. 1. the scope of ecology 33 Fig. 12. Ecological levelsofanization spectrum emphasizing the interaction of living and nonliving ponents. 1. the scope of ecology 34 生命世界的組成架構(gòu) 是無法切割的。 Chap. 1 The Scope of Ecology 鄭先祐 (Ayo) 國立臺南大學(xué) 環(huán)境生態(tài)學(xué)院 1. the scope of ecology 28 The scope of ecology 1. Ecology: History and relevance to humankind 2. LevelsofOrganization Hierarchy 3. The emergent property principle 4. Transcending functions and control processes 5. Ecological interfacing 6. About models 7. Disciplinary reductionism to trans disciplinary holism 1. the scope of ecology 29 1 Ecology: History and Relevance to Mankind ?Ecology (生態(tài)學(xué) ) = eco + logy ?Eco = household (house, home) ?Ecology = the study of “l(fā)ife at home” ?Economics (經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) ) = eco + nomics ?nomics = management 1. the scope of ecology 30 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) 1. the scope of ecology 31 歷史的演變 ?Ecology was of practical interest early in human history. ?農(nóng)業(yè)之前，狩獵採集，適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境的生活方式，「生態(tài)學(xué)」是必要的基本知識。 ? 1980年代，環(huán)保議題因?yàn)槿藗儗Ψ缸?、冷?zhàn)、政府預(yù)算、社會福利等的關(guān)注，而退到政治的邊陲地區(qū)。 1. the scope of ecology 25 人在圖框內(nèi)，看不到圖畫 ?人在樹林中，只能看到樹木，沒有看到森林的全貌。 ?地球的維生體系是生物再生性 ( bioregenerative) 的體系，其內(nèi)的動(dòng)物、植物和微生物可以再生，再循環(huán)並提供生命的必需品。最後是拋棄進(jìn)入太平洋了事。 ?累積的尿液也成為問題。且臨時(shí)加裝一條延長線，從登月艇引進(jìn)電力。需要氧氣來產(chǎn)生電力的三個(gè)燃料箱之中有兩個(gè)也迅速失靈。 ?4月 13日晚上 10點(diǎn) 08分，當(dāng)太空船靠近月球時(shí)，儲備艙發(fā)生小爆炸。 1. the scope of ecology 18 圖 1. 從月球看地球。於此 33小時(shí)間，還計(jì)畫兩趟 4至 5個(gè)小時(shí)的漫步，並鑽探月球的巖石。 ?於是登月小艇不得不臨時(shí)被當(dāng)作救生船使用，以便將太空人安全送返地球。s name. ? Odum School of Ecology, The University of Geia 1. the scope of ecology 12 Books and an article ?Fundamentals of Ecology (with Howard Odum) ?Ecology ?Basic Ecology ?Ecology and Our Endangered Life Support Systems ?Ecological Vigtes: Ecological Approaches to Dealing with Human Predicament ?The Strategy of Ecosystem Development Eugene P. Odum 1. the scope of ecology 13 Fundamentals of Ecology 1. The Scope of Ecology 2. The Ecosystem 3. Energy in Ecological systems 4. Biogeochemical Cycles 5. Limiting and Regulatory Factors 6. Population Ecology 7. Ecosystem Development 1. the scope of ecology 14 Fundamentals of Ecology 8. Ecosystem Development 9. Landscape Ecology Ecology: Major Ecosystem Types and Biomes Ecology Thinking for Students of Ecology ? Glossary ? References ? Credits ? index 1
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