【正文】 的基礎(chǔ)，這一點我想才是最重要的！在此，再次感謝那些給我提供幫助的老師和同學(xué)，沒你們的幫助我不可能這么順利的完成我該做的事情，謝謝！參考文獻(xiàn)[1] 杜志國，：[2] 馬家辰，孫玉德，：[3] 王秋爽，：[4] ：[5] ：[6] 張毅坤，陳善久，：[7] 王德彪. MCS51單片機原理及接口技術(shù). 北京：[8] 張毅剛，彭喜源，：[9] 李全力，蔡谷明，：[10] 樓然苗，：[11] 白駒絎，：[12] 薛鈞義，：[13] 趙光東，：[14] ，2002，（8）：46[15] ：[16] .附　錄 MCS51單片機指令表表中所用到的符號和含義如下：P 程序狀態(tài)寄存器PSW中的奇偶標(biāo)志位OV 程序狀態(tài)寄存器PSW中的溢出標(biāo)志位AC 程序狀態(tài)寄存器PSW中的輔助進(jìn)位標(biāo)志位CY 程序狀態(tài)寄存器PSW中的進(jìn)位標(biāo)志位Addrl11 11位地址Bit 位地址Rel 相對偏移量，為8位有符號數(shù)（補碼形式）Direct 直接地址指出單元內(nèi)容Data 立即數(shù)Rn 工作寄存器Rn（n=0～7）（Rn） 工作寄存器Rn的內(nèi)容A 累加器（A） 累加器內(nèi)容Ri i=0或1（Ri） R0或R1的內(nèi)容（（Rn）） 工作寄存器Rn的內(nèi)容X 某一個寄存器（X） 某一個寄存器內(nèi)容（（X）） 某一個寄存器支出的內(nèi)容單元→ 數(shù)據(jù)傳送方向⊕ 邏輯異或∧ 邏輯與∨ 邏輯或√ 對標(biāo)志產(chǎn)生影響 不影響標(biāo)志外文資料翻譯Along with the rapid development of semiconductor technology, microcontroller itself in the design with some new antijamming technique, make SCM reliability enhances unceasingly. Besides choosing strong antijamming capability of singlechip microcontroller systems and other auxiliary ponents reliability is also vital to suppress the interference, some of the ponents of the use of help improve the reliability of the system. In addition, the SCM system in the circuit design, printed circuit board design, wiring and manufacturing process, the system has no good ground installation, directly affect the reliability of the system.The microcontroller itself antijamming measuresFor improving the reliability of the microcontroller itself. In recent years, the manufacturer in singlechip microcontroller design adopted a series of measures to improve the reliability. These technologies are mainly embodied in the following respects.1 reduce external clock frequencyThe clock is the high frequency noise, except this application system can cause interference, but also possible to outside disturbance, make the electromagnetic patibility testing is not standard. High reliability of system in the application system, the selection of the low frequency noise of the single chip puter is reduced system of principles. For example, with 8051 microcontroller shortest instruction cycle when outside, 1 muon s clock is 12MHz. And also the SCM system clock speed of Motorola, more suitable for 4MHz only industrial system. In recent years, some production 8051 singlechip manufacturers are patible adopted some new technologies, without sacrificing speed on the premise of external clock needs to 1/3. Motorola and microputer in the launch of new 68HC08 series and its 16/32bit SCM widely adopted in the interior of zobah, external loop technique to 32KHz clock frequency, and internal bus speed is increased to 8MHz even higher.2. Low noise series microcontrollerThe traditional design of integrated circuit, the power, the derivation of the symmetrical arrangement of the usually at the sides. If left is to lower power, is. This makes the power supply noise through the wafer. Improved technology will power, arranged in two adjacent foot on the one hand, and reduced the current through the silicon, on the one hand, make external decoupling capacitor in PCB design more easily arrangement, in order to reduce noise. Another in integrated circuit design and reduce the noise is driving circuit design examples. Some microcontroller provides several large current output pin, from several to hundreds of ma ma. These highpower integrated into the driver circuit chip inside increases noise. The softening and hopping technique can eliminate the influence of this method is that a highpower tube into several small tube, the parallel for each pipe output string on different equivalent resistance of resistance. In order to reduce di/dt.3 the clock monitoring circuit, the watchdog technology and low voltage reductionMonitoring system clock, when the system clock stopped when the vibration signal generation system reset to restore system clock, is one of the measures to improve the system reliability. But the clock control effectively and save electricity is a pair of contradictory instruction STOP. Use only 。加速程序軟件消抖確認(rèn)按下相應(yīng)位置置位，實現(xiàn)加速，返回開始圖424 減速程序流程圖 程序清單基于MCS51單片機控制直流無刷電動機程序:ORG 00HAJMP STARTORG 30H檢測鍵盤狀態(tài)的程序：START:MOV P0, 0FFHJNP ， QIDONGJNP ， FANZHUANJNP ， JITINGJNP ， JIASUJNP ， JIANSUJNP ， TINGZHIAJMP START啟動程序，默認(rèn)順時針轉(zhuǎn)動，轉(zhuǎn)速為2000r/min：QIDONG:LCALL YANSHIJNB ， Q1LJMP STARTQ1：ELR SETB MOV P2， 0BHLCALL XIANSHILJMP START反轉(zhuǎn)程序：FANZHUAN： LCALL YANSHI JNB ，F(xiàn)AN LJMP STARTFAN： CLR LCALL PANTING SETB CLR LCALL YANSHI LJMP START急停程序：JITING： LCALL YANSHI JNB ，JI LJMP SYARTJI： CLR LCALL PANTING LJMP START加速程序，每按一次鍵，加速500r/min：JIASU： LCALL YANSHI JNB ，JIA LJMP STARTJIA： MOV A，P2 ANL A，07H JZ START MOV R0，P2 DEC R0 MOV P2，R0 LCALL XIANSHI LJMP START減速程序，每按一次鍵，減速500r/min：JIANSU： LCALL YANSHI JNB ，JIAN LJMP STARTJIANSU： MOV A，P2 ANL A，07H CJNE A，07H，JS LJMP STARTJS： MOV A，P2 INC A MOV P2，A LCALL XIANSHI LJMP START停止程序：TINGZHI： LCALL YANSHI JNB ，TING LJMP STARTTING： SETB LCALL PANTING LJMP START延時程序，這是一個子程序，功能是延時10ms：YANSHI： MOV A，0 Y： MOV R1，00H INC R1 CJNE R1，0FFH，Y INC A CJNE A，10，Y RET判停程序，這是一個子程序，若能從判停程序中返回，則說明電動機已停：PANTING： JNB ，YANSHI250ms AJMP PANTINGYANSHI250ms： CLR MOV P3，08H SETB MOV A，0Y250： MOV R1，00H INC R1 JB ，PANTING CJNE R1，0FFH，Y250 INC A CJNE A，250，Y250 RET顯示程序，這是一個子程序：XIANSHI： MOV A，P2 ANL A，07H MOV B，4 MUL AB ADD A，R3 MOV SCON，00H