分析測試思考題(文件)
【正文】 長為橫坐標(biāo)，以熒光強度為縱坐標(biāo)作圖，即為熒光光譜，又稱熒光發(fā)射光譜。1?分析原理：光源輻射出的待測元素的特征譜線通過樣品的蒸汽時被待測元素的基態(tài)原子所吸收，由發(fā)射譜線減弱的程度，進而求得樣品中待測元素的含量。（朗伯—比爾吸收定律）原子吸收光譜儀的四大組成部分和基本功能。光源：作用：輻射待測元素的特征光譜，供測量之用；原子化系統(tǒng)：作用：將固體或液體試樣中的待測元素轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樵诱魵?；分光系統(tǒng)：作用是把待測元素的共振線(實際上是分析線)與其它譜線分離開來，只讓待測元素的共振線能通過；離子源：,在磁場存在下，帶電離子按曲線軌跡飛行；離子在磁場中的軌道半徑R取決于：、質(zhì)譜分辨率?（分辨率與選定分子質(zhì)量有關(guān)）電壓由直流分量和交流分量迭加而成，這樣在電極間形成一個對稱于z軸的電場分布。 解決問題的方法。v 2.寫作模板 I 對比觀點題型要求論述兩個對立的觀點并給出自己的看法(1)有一寫人認(rèn)為……(2)另一些人認(rèn)為……(3)我的看法…… v The topic of ① is being more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of② What is more，③ . Moreover④ ．v While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reason. Firstly，⑤___ Secondly， ⑥____ ， Finally，⑦______ From my point of view，I think⑧ ．The reason is that⑨ As a matter of fact ， there are some other reasons to explain my choice . For me，the former is surely a wise choice． 贊成一方v Model 1v Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to _____. Some people argue that ____ while others firmly hold that _____.v In my opinion, I think this question should be probed探索 in depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because ____. On the other hand, the second group seems ____ because ____.v In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in ____. Otherwise _____.通用v Model 3 Presently, one phenomenon calls for people’ s attention that ____. In general, ______. For one thing, _____. (For example, _____.) For another, _____. As far as I am concerned, _____. To sum up, _____.v 說明利弊題型v 這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度（利或弊）出發(fā)，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度（或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測）v v （或一方面）v （或前景）的看法v Nowadays, many people prefer ①__because it plays a significant role in our daily life . Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ②__Besides ③__v But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ④__. To make matters worse, ⑤__.v Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ⑥_. From the parison between these positive and negative effects of ⑦_, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ⑧_(對前景的預(yù)測). v It is a new thing that_____. Many people wele this new development while others have expressed their concern about this.v Those who take sides against this new trend believe that _____ because_____. One mon argument, however, for ____ is that_____.Of the two views discussed above, I am in favor of the _____. My reason is that____. v When asked about ____, different people will offer different opinions. Some people take it for granted that 認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然 _____. In their mind, ____. Besides, ______.v However, others hold that ____. They maintain that ____.v Weighting up these two arguments, I am for the first one. For one thing, ____. For another, _____. Therefore, as stated above, ____.v III 解決方法題型 v 要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑。：四極桿質(zhì)量分析器由四根相互平行并均勻安置的金屬桿構(gòu)成，相對的兩根桿連在一起。M可以使不同m/e；進樣系統(tǒng)：43?因此，入射輻射減弱的程度與試樣中該元素的含量（濃度）成正比。? 鈹、鋁、硼、鎵、硒、鎂、稀土常采用熒光分析法； 氟、硫、鐵、銀、鈷、鎳采用熒光熄滅法測定； 銅、鈹、鐵、鈷、鋨及過氧化氫采用催化熒光法測定； 鉻、鈮、鈾、碲采用低溫?zé)晒夥y定； 鈰、銪、銻、釩、鈾采用固體熒光法測定(2)生物與有機化合物的分析？答：熒光激發(fā)光譜：讓不同波長的激發(fā)光激發(fā)熒光物質(zhì)使之發(fā)生熒光，而讓熒光以固定的發(fā)射波長照射到檢測器上，然后以激發(fā)光波長為橫坐標(biāo)，以熒光強度為縱坐標(biāo)所繪制的圖，即為熒光激發(fā)光譜。分成三類：（1）增強熒光的取代基 —— 有 OH、OR、 NHNHR、NR2等給電子基團（2）減弱熒光的取代基 ——COOH 、 NO2 、COOR 、NO、SH 吸電子基團, 使熒光波長短移，熒光強度減弱（3）影響不明顯的取代基 —— NH3+、R、 SO3H等5. 大多數(shù)無機鹽類金屬離子，不能產(chǎn)生熒光，但某些螯合物都能產(chǎn)生很強的熒光，可用于痕量金屬離子的測定不少有機配體是弱熒光體 或不發(fā)熒光，但與Mn+形成螯合物后變?yōu)槠矫鏄?gòu)型，就
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