【正文】 a transhipment hub and air and cargo node (Ng, 2020). In order to successfully achieve this expansion strategy, there are a number of key issues that Linfox will need to acknowledge such as the need for flexibility in Singapore’s labour market, their ageing population, how to maintain their technology up to date and accordingly manage their alliances effectively, while ensuring effective product movements and information flows critical to the success of their customers’ businesses. Lastly, Linfox will need to look at how to reinforce security and safety issue in Singapore, as their location centrality exposes them to possible threat of terrorism means that Linfox will have to look at appropriate HRM strategies to overe these five issues when undertaking their expansion strategy. 4 Increased labour flexibility and an ageing workforce are two utmost concerns that Linfox will have to tackle. In the early 1990’s, labour flexibility was given an added dimension in the government’s call for the regionalisation and globalisation of local enterprises (Wan, 2020). In response to Singapore’s tight labour market, flexible work arrangements such as flexihours, job sharing, part time work and home based work was developed (Wan, 2020). Many employers have reservations about employing parttime workers on the grounds that they need longer time to be trained (Wan, 2020). Full timers are better preferred as they are perceived to be more productive and more mitted (Wan, 2020). Rapid technological change, deregulation, globalisation and the emergence of a knowledgebased economy explain the continuous need for reengineering Singapore’s workforce capabilities. Workers now acknowledged that they need to be highly skilled, innovative and flexible in view of the rapidly changing market forces (Wan, 2020). As to date, their government initiatives of increasing its pool of talents to produce capable, cost effective and innovative workforce is underway (Wan, 2020). Hence, in the face of severe petition, Linfox will have to be more selective in staffing, for example, their selection criteria. Even though there is a chronic shortage of labour, workers are being highly skilled, innovative and flexible. Linfox should look for workers who continually upgrade their skills and work harder. However, in view of the changing market forces in Singapore, Linfox will need to develop a more flexible working environment to attract employees. As part time work has bee more mon over the years, (increased from percent of private sector employees in 5 1998 to percent in 2020 (Wan, 2020)) Linfox will need to use contract and part time jobs and also develop individual contracts. Through the exercise of an appraisal system such as using performance based pay and promoting employees based on merit, Linfox can motivate high performers to remain in the pany. By guaranteeing longterm job security, as well as providing better pay, fringe benefits, training opportunities and career prospects, Linfox can ensure employees are mitted to them and have a high employee retention rate. Finally, in a tight labour market, private sector panies are providing more benefits to attract, motivate, and train their employees (Wan, 2020). Apart from the standard annual leave, Linfox should also provide employees with passionate leave, marriage leave, paternity leave and examination leave. Ageing population Linfox will be faced with an ageing workforce when it expands into the Singapore logistic industry. Singapore already had a larger proportion of its population aged 65 and above pared to its neighbouring countries (Wan, 2020). By the year 2025, those aged 65 and above are expected to rise to 17 per cent, the highest percentage of aged persons in any ASEAN country (Wan, 2020). Due to the higher living standard and better health care facilities, the demographic scenario in Singapore is that life expectancy is rising fast (Wan, 2020). While the government has raised the retirement age progressively over the years, employers still do not have a very favourable view towards older employees (Wan, 2020). The main concerns from the employer’s point of view are higher salaries (because of their seniority pay system), employee’s health and their trainability (Wan, 2020). 6 Linfox will