【正文】 to achieve a successful oute or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential.”意思是：為了獲得成功或獎勵，一定程度的風(fēng)險總是必不可少的。C. 它將使人們更有創(chuàng)造力。既然是維持現(xiàn)狀，自然就不會嘗試新的方法。【定位信息】題干中缺乏明顯的向?qū)г~，decision fatigue也是主題詞，散落于文章各個地方，因此不適合作定位用的向?qū)г~。54. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A) They turn to physicians for advice. B) They tend to make risky decisions. C) They adopt a totally new perspective.D) They refrain from trying anything new.【題干譯文】當(dāng)決策疲勞時，人們可能會做什么？【選項譯文】A. 他們會求助于醫(yī)生?！敬鸢冈斀狻看鸢甘荁。D. 當(dāng)他們有求助的顧問時。【干擾分析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，定位以及文中對應(yīng)的閱讀點均不難，其他幾個選項迷惑性也較小?！径ㄎ恍畔ⅰ款}干中example以及physicians可作為向?qū)г~，結(jié)合順序法，定位到第三自然段。52. What does the example about the physicians illustrate?A) Patients seldom receive due care towards the end of the day.B) Prescription of antibiotics can be harmful to patients’ health.C) Decision fatigue may prevent people making wise decisions.D) Medical doctors are especially susceptible to decision fatigue.【題干譯文】醫(yī)生的例子說明了什么？【選項譯文】A. 病人很少在一天結(jié)束時得到應(yīng)有的照顧。根據(jù)第一自然段第二句話：“Our own decisionmaking abilities can bee depleted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices...”意思是：我們自己的決策能力會在一天中被消耗殆盡，導(dǎo)致優(yōu)柔寡斷或決策失誤。D. 他們在決策能力上表現(xiàn)出很大的差異?！緝?nèi)容概要】本篇閱讀理解介紹了一種心理學(xué)現(xiàn)象——決策疲勞，以科學(xué)的方式解釋了“旁觀者清，當(dāng)局者迷”背后的原因?！?你能為別人出好注意，并不意味著你也會為自己做出好的選擇?！爱?dāng)人們經(jīng)歷決策疲勞——也就是他們厭倦了做出選擇的時候——他們會傾向于維持現(xiàn)狀，”他說：“現(xiàn)狀可能是有問題的，因為行動過程中作出改變有時很重要，并會帶來積極的結(jié)果。當(dāng)人們把自己想象成顧問，而自己為他人作出的選擇與自己無關(guān)，他們就不會感到那么疲勞，也不會靠走捷徑來做出這些選擇。波爾曼說，這其中反映的問題就是“決策疲勞”：這是是一種在漫長的一天決策之后我們的決策質(zhì)量出現(xiàn)下滑的一種現(xiàn)象。Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you’ve ever started a sentence with, “If I were you...” or found yourself scratching your head at a colleague’s agony over a decision when the answer is crystalclear，there’s a scientific reason behind it. Our own decisionmaking abilities can bee depleted over the course of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone else is an enjoyable task that doesn’t suffer the same pitfalls.The problem is “decision fatigue,” a psychological phenomenon that on the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients when it’s unwise to do so. “Presumably it’s because it’s simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a patient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tired and rely less on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “It’s as if there’s something fun and liberating about making someone else’s choice.”Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought process, it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good, says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue—when they are tired of making choi