【正文】 ast night。yet(否定句中)；ever；never；once/twice/…for+一段時間；since +時間點(diǎn)；since+一段時間+ago。 until now。簡單的說，就是動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生對現(xiàn)在造成明顯的影響。I have been to Canada. Have you been to Hongkong?Where have you been? I have never been here.過去完成時had + （過去分詞）過去的過去：by+過去的時間；表“過去某動作或時間以前”的時間狀語。陳述句: I can drive a car. He must tell the truth. We may get there on foot.否定句：I can’t swim at all. You mustn’t（表示禁止） smoke in the office.一般疑問句: Can you wait a minute? Must I stay at home? May I use your phone?特殊疑問句： How can I get there? What must I do now?由情態(tài)動詞的過去式構(gòu)成，can—could.She could walk when she was one year old.I could not speak English one year ago.二、各種時態(tài)用法補(bǔ)充：一般現(xiàn)在時(1)在由after, until, befor, once, when, even if ,in case, as long as, as soon as, the moment以及if, unless等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。例：Tomorrow at this time we’ll give $500 to any one who brings him to justice.一般將來時(1)be going to +v在口語中廣泛使用，表示準(zhǔn)備做或即將發(fā)生的事情。例：His book is due to be published in October.他的書預(yù)定10月份出版。例：John is always ing late. 約翰總是遲到。go, e, leave, start, arrive,return等。但是如果它們詞義改變，有時也可使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)。(2)完成時態(tài)可用在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：This(That,It)is(was )the first(second….)time+定語從句：This(That,It)is(was) the only (last)+名詞+定語從句；This(This,It)is (was)+形容詞最高級+名詞+定語從句。, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用過去完成時，表示過去的希望，預(yù)期，意圖或愿望等沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)。：(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+過去完成時(倒裝形式)+when +過去時例1：Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.我一到達(dá)就有新問題要處理。例1：By the end of that year Henry had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps.到那年年底，亨利已收集了一千多張外國郵票一、概況一般時進(jìn)行時完成時完成進(jìn)行時一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時一般過去時過去進(jìn)行時過去完成時過去完成進(jìn)行時一般將來時將來進(jìn)行時將來完成時將來完成進(jìn)行時一般過去將來時過去將來進(jìn)行時過去將來完成時過去將來完成進(jìn)行時。例1：No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.這話剛說出口，他就意識到他本該保持沉默的。另外兩種表示“過去想做而未做的事”的表達(dá)方式是： / were+ to have done sth.例1：We were to have e yesterday, but we couldn’t.我們本想昨天來的，但我們來不了。例1：This is the first time(that )I’ve drunk Californian champagne.這是我第一次喝加利福尼亞香檳酒。(look在此為實(shí)義動詞)4．完成進(jìn)行時完成進(jìn)行時是完成時的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。(3)有些動詞一般不能使用進(jìn)行時，這是一類表示“感覺”、“感情”、“存在”、“從屬”等的動詞。具有這種語法功能的動詞僅限于過渡性動詞，即表示從一個狀態(tài)或位置轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個狀態(tài)或位置上去的動詞。例：The country is on the verge of civil war.這個國家就要打內(nèi)戰(zhàn)了。例：There is to be a rail strike on July 18th.(3)be about to+v表示即將發(fā)生的事情。(2)某些表示起始的動詞，可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，這類動詞有：be, go, e, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave等。陳述句：He said he had told Davy.They told us they had finished the work.He left the office after he had called Davy.否定句:She hadn’t had dinner before she went out.　一般疑問句:Had she learnt English before she moved here?特殊疑問句:how many English words had he learnt by the end of last year?補(bǔ)充： 一、情態(tài)動詞can, must, may。He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.They have always been in America.2. have/has gone to:去了。during/over/in the past/last….用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。 up to now。過去一段時間正在發(fā)生的動作。陳述句：I’m waiting for my boy friend.He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves.否定句:He is not playing toys.一般疑問句:Are you having dinner at home?Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?特殊疑問句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?過去進(jìn)行時was/were+Vingat that time。at the moment。on/in +將來的時間；in+一段時間；.即將發(fā)生動作或狀態(tài)。陳述句：I worked in Sunmoon.We studied English there. He lived in HongKong.否定句: I didn’t work here.They didn’t see me. She liked English a lot.一般疑問句: Did you go to America?Did he work in Sunmoon?時態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)常連用的詞主要用法例句一般將來時1 任何人稱+will+V原形.tomorrow,the day after tomorrow。just now。the day before yesterday。on Sundays/Mondays/….。sometimes。 　　What size are your shoes？ 你的鞋是多大號的？ 　　Her bag is the same color as mine 她的包和我的包顏色一樣 　　在in the same way，in this way，in another way等短語中，in常常被省略 　　Please try it again （in）the same way 請用同樣的方法再試一次 　　在表示持續(xù)一段時間的短語中，for常被省略 　　They stayed there （for）six months 他們在那里待了6個月 時態(tài)名稱結(jié)構(gòu)常連用的詞主要