【正文】
狀態(tài)。陳述句:I’m waiting for my boy friend.He is doing the housework at home now.We are enjoying ourselves.否定句:He is not playing toys.一般疑問句:Are you having dinner at home?Is Tim cooking in the kitchen?特殊疑問句:What are you doing now?Where are they having a meal?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+Vingat that time。 up to now。He has always been a good father. I have always been busy.They have always been in America.2. have/has gone to:去了。(2)某些表示起始的動(dòng)詞,可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,這類動(dòng)詞有:be, go, e, start, depart, arrive, begin, leave等。例:The country is on the verge of civil war.這個(gè)國家就要打內(nèi)戰(zhàn)了。(3)有些動(dòng)詞一般不能使用進(jìn)行時(shí),這是一類表示“感覺”、“感情”、“存在”、“從屬”等的動(dòng)詞。例1:This is the first time(that )I’ve drunk Californian champagne.這是我第一次喝加利福尼亞香檳酒。例1:No sooner had the words been spoken than he realized that he should have remained silent.這話剛說出口,他就意識(shí)到他本該保持沉默的。:(1)hardly / scarcely / barely+過去完成時(shí)(倒裝形式)+when +過去時(shí)例1:Hardly had I arrived when I had a new problem to cope with.我一到達(dá)就有新問題要處理。(2)完成時(shí)態(tài)可用在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中:This(That,It)is(was )the first(second….)time+定語從句:This(That,It)is(was) the only (last)+名詞+定語從句;This(This,It)is (was)+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+定語從句。go, e, leave, start, arrive,return等。例:His book is due to be published in October.他的書預(yù)定10月份出版。陳述句: I can drive a car. He must tell the truth. We may get there on foot.否定句:I can’t swim at all. You mustn’t(表示禁止) smoke in the office.一般疑問句: Can you wait a minute? Must I stay at home? May I use your phone?特殊疑問句: How can I get there? What must I do now?由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去式構(gòu)成,can—could.She could walk when she was one year old.I could not speak English one year ago.二、各種時(shí)態(tài)用法補(bǔ)充:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)在由after, until, befor, once, when, even if ,in case, as long as, as soon as, the moment以及if, unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。簡單的說,就是動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成明顯的影響。yet(否定句中);ever;never;once/twice/…for+一段時(shí)間;since +時(shí)間點(diǎn);since+一段時(shí)間+ago。Listen! (放在句首)。next week/month/year/...?!?ago。never。 (At)what time did she say she was ing?她說她幾點(diǎn)鐘來? 含有height(高度),length(長度),size(尺碼),shape(現(xiàn)狀),age(年齡),colour(顏色),weight(重量)等詞語在句子中做表語時(shí),短語前不用介詞。介詞在句中一般不重讀。such 是形容詞,修飾名詞或名詞詞組,so是副詞,只能修飾形容詞或副詞。4)感官系動(dòng)詞:感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet.5)變化系動(dòng)詞:這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語變成什么樣,變化系動(dòng)詞有bee, grow, turn, fall, get, go, e, run. 例如:He became mad after ,他瘋了。它所表示的動(dòng)作常涉及動(dòng)作者以外的事物,如“吃”、“穿”、“讀”、“寫”等。This ruler is three times as long as that one八、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語,可分為兩類,分別是:及物動(dòng)詞(Transitive Verb)、不及物動(dòng)詞(Intransitive Verb),縮寫形式分別為vt. 和vi.。3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time答案:D。 七、副詞及其基本用法副詞(adverb,簡寫為adv)是一種用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、全句的詞,說明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。主要用來修飾名詞的詞,表示事物的特征。如:quite a lot d. 在as,though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中,當(dāng)標(biāo)語為形容詞修飾的名詞時(shí),不定冠詞放形容詞后: Brave a man though he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes. 當(dāng)名詞被比較級(jí)形容詞修飾時(shí),不定冠詞通常置于比較級(jí)形容詞之后。s Republic of China中華人民共和國9)用在表示樂器的名詞之前:She plays the 。1)特指雙方都明白的人或物:Take the 。that與所指名詞為同類,但不是同一個(gè),而it 與所指名詞為同一個(gè)。 如:a month or two39。s,則表示分別有;只有一個(gè)39。2) 若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾s ,只加39。二、名詞名詞概論名詞專有名詞普通名詞個(gè)體名詞可數(shù)名詞集體名詞物質(zhì)名詞不可數(shù)名詞抽象名詞名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化 情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況加 smapmaps bagbagscarcars以s, sh, ch, x等結(jié)尾的詞加 esbusbuses watchwatchesce, se, ze, (d)ge等結(jié)尾的詞加 slicenselicenses以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變y 為i再加esbabybabies名詞的格 在英語中有些名詞可以加39。名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下:1) 單數(shù)名詞詞尾加39。3) 凡不能加39。 如:John39。英語中的代詞,按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為:人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞九種人稱代詞的用法: I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her.我看到她和他們?cè)谝黄?,至少我認(rèn)為是她。t find my hat. I don39。the fox 狐貍;或與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類人:the rich 富人。2) 如后一個(gè)形容詞無冠詞,則指一物。 五、數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞叫基數(shù)詞;表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。但是如果形容詞修飾以thing為字尾的詞語時(shí),要放在這些詞之后,例如:something nice 以ly結(jié)尾的形容詞 1)friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞。副詞的排列順序:時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)副詞,小單位的在前,大單