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many parents and coaches L)focus on theoute and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning that criticism. Again, criticism cancreate B)high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout. 全文翻譯:體育運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅是對體力的挑戰(zhàn),而且是對心理的挑戰(zhàn)。有人把這種狀態(tài)描述為中斷或放棄某種一度曾喜愛的活動(dòng)。教練和父母始終都應(yīng)該清楚一點(diǎn),他們給年輕人的反饋信息會(huì)極大地影響他們?,F(xiàn)在在年輕人的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)環(huán)境中,年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員也許更擔(dān)心的是誰會(huì)贏得比賽,而不是在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中體會(huì)樂趣。相反,批評只會(huì)產(chǎn)生高度壓力從而導(dǎo)致人 們放棄某種活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng) irregular 則一般表 示 “(形狀)不規(guī)則的,(安排)無規(guī)律的 ”,與句意不符,故排除。選項(xiàng)中有 definitely 和 especially,從句意來理解,這 ......違背了古老的奧林匹克 精神,將 definitely“顯然地 ”帶入原文,符合原文的意思;而 especially“特別地 ”表示強(qiáng)調(diào),而此處表示的則是通過比較后得出結(jié)果,故排除 especially。 A 此處應(yīng)填名詞。 ” H cme to power 是固定搭配,意為 “(開始)掌權(quán),上臺 ”。主句中 get involved 即為 are involved,意為 “被卷入進(jìn)來 ”, as 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,從句中的動(dòng)詞不定式短語to hold the games 修飾第 7 題應(yīng)填的名詞,而本句中又包含一個(gè)由 because of 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語,動(dòng)詞不定式 to be...out of them 修飾 politicalprestige and mercial profit.)In the 11th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newly e to H) power in Germanytried to use the occasion for his Nazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame was brought all the way from Olympia tothe games site in relays, a marathon journey now often taking months to B)acplish. (本文最后一句是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的簡單句。盡管整個(gè)比賽是非正式的,而且標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也不高,但奧運(yùn)會(huì)作為業(yè)余體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的古老傳統(tǒng)卻被保持下來了。不幸的是,奧運(yùn)會(huì)的道德水準(zhǔn)沒有得到相應(yīng)的提高。于是奧林匹克圣火第一次以接力方式 現(xiàn)在需要好幾個(gè)月才能完成的一段馬拉松路程 從奧林匹亞一直傳送到舉辦地點(diǎn)。由于舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)帶來的政治威望和商業(yè)利潤,各國為爭奪舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)而相互競爭,這樣就使政治和商業(yè)利益不可避免地卷入進(jìn)來。毫無疑問,這與古老的奧林匹克精神是背道而馳的,因?yàn)樵谀鞘?,?zhàn)爭必須停下來為比賽讓路。) 全文翻譯:第一屆現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)于 1896 年在雅典舉行,當(dāng)時(shí)只有12 個(gè)國家參加??蛇x項(xiàng)有 acplish,arrive 和end,arrive 一般指 “到達(dá)(某地) ”, end 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 “(使某事)結(jié)束 ”,因此都不能與 journey 搭配,故排除 arrive 和 end 而選 acplish“完成 ”。選項(xiàng)中有 honour 和 power 可選, power 一般指“(個(gè)人或團(tuán)體所掌握或獲得的)職權(quán) ”,故排除 power 而選 honour“榮幸 ”。 D 此處應(yīng)填形容詞。選項(xiàng)中有 end 和 interruption 可表示停止, end“終斷 ”,表示某事中斷后不再繼續(xù), interruption“中斷 ”,表示某事中斷后仍然繼續(xù),故選擇 interruption。可選項(xiàng)有 had, occurred和 happened,首先空格所在的 who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾的 是 tourists“游客 ”, happened to be in Greece“碰巧在希臘 ”是符合這樣的語境的,而 had to “不得不 ”和 occur to 表示 “想起,想到 ”都不能使句意通順。事實(shí)上,不論比賽結(jié)果如何,都要給他們積極的肯定。教練和父母還因該謹(jǐn)慎一點(diǎn),即參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)并不會(huì)成為孩子們的工作。運(yùn)動(dòng)的環(huán)境能使運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲得寶貴人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)。壓力可以是身體上的,情感上的,或者是心理上的。) The early years of development are N)critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuableexperiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to G)cooperate with others, make friends, and gainother social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedbackto youngsters can H)greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and finda flaw(缺陷) and parents should also be F)cautious that youth sport participation does not bee work for children. That outeof the game should not be more important than the A)process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sportsetting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of C)enjoying themselves and the sport. ( In today’s...young athletes...。其中 it 指代的是 Stress,因此可推出文章的最后一句與此句的照應(yīng)。但選項(xiàng)中的形容詞有 high 和 intense,應(yīng)為這個(gè)形容詞由來修飾名詞 level,而 intense 表示 “緊張的,強(qiáng)烈的 ”不能用來修飾level,故選擇 high。根據(jù)worrying 和 instead of 可推出,此處應(yīng)填與 worrying 意思相反的詞,因此,選項(xiàng)中只有 enjoying 符合題意。因此,可選項(xiàng)有cautious 和 critical,但 that 從句解釋的是參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)不能成為孩子們的工作,故只有 cautious 符合題意。可選項(xiàng)有 settle 和cooperate,而 settle with sb. 意為 “同某人解決(法律上的爭端) ,顯然不符合題意,因此選 cooperate“合作 ”。從原文 “成長過程的最初幾年是了解自己的 ......時(shí)期。老師注意到了這些問題并沒有錯(cuò),但是如果他把重點(diǎn)放在關(guān)注孩子的思想上,只表示出他對孩子的拼寫錯(cuò)誤有點(diǎn)失望,就會(huì)給學(xué)生更大的動(dòng)力去進(jìn)一步提 高。如果字的拼寫成為老師關(guān)心的惟一焦點(diǎn),很明顯,聰明的孩子很可能就會(huì) 為 “保險(xiǎn)起見 ”,只寫一些他會(huì)寫的字,避免因冒險(xiǎn)而出錯(cuò)的語言。 導(dǎo)讀: There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in school I have taught in has everI)ignored spelling or considered it unimportant ( Noschool…ever…considered it unimportant… 其中 I have taught in 作定語修飾 school“我教書的學(xué)校 ” , “ it ” 指代的即為 spelling , 可以看出作者要說的是學(xué)校沒有忽視 spelling ) as a basic skill. There are, however ( 句意 轉(zhuǎn)折說明問題不在于學(xué)校是否重視拼寫而是 how to teach it… ) , vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how muchA)priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problemis, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and M)confidently in writing with outholding him back with the plexities of spelling?If spelling bee the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a N)bright childwill be likely to “play safe”( 這里的關(guān)鍵是理解 “ play safe” 的意思,從后句 “只寫他會(huì)寫的單詞 ”可以看出他是怕拼錯(cuò),故 play safe 即為 “為了保險(xiǎn) ” ) . He will tend to write onlywords within his spelling range, choosing to avoid E)adventurous language. That’s whyteachers often K)encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content ratherthan technical ability ( = spelling ability ) .I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personalexperience : “ This work( 根據(jù)后面一句的解釋,可知 this work 指的是 your writing 故第 7 題填的詞應(yīng)和 illegible 感情色彩保持一致 ) is H)terrible !There are far too many spellingerrors and your writing is illegible( 難以辨認(rèn)的 ).” It may have been a sharPB) criticismof the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection ( 表明了作者不贊同的態(tài)度,他看到的是文章中包含的好的表達(dá),并且說明只有這樣才能激勵(lì)學(xué)生不斷進(jìn)步 ) on theteacher who had omitted to read the essay, which C)contained some beautiful expressions ofthe child’s deePfeelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if hispriorities had centred on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentationwould have given the pupil more G)motivation to seek improvement. 全文翻譯:家長們普遍認(rèn)為中學(xué)現(xiàn)在已不再關(guān)注單詞的正確拼寫了。 此處填動(dòng)詞過去式,本句中由 which 引導(dǎo)的從句是對 essay的解釋,剩余選項(xiàng)中 contained 和 expressed ,根據(jù)句意,文章 …… 兒童內(nèi)心感受的一些好的表達(dá),故只有 contained 符合題意。 8. 選 B )。 7. 選 H )。 由前一句中的 be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid可以推知,此處所填詞的意思應(yīng)與 play safe 表達(dá)的意思相反,故選項(xiàng)中只有adventurous 符合題意。從句意來理解,在