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四級(jí)閱讀完型英語詞匯閱讀練習(xí)附答案部分附講解及翻譯(存儲(chǔ)版)

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【正文】 ettle 和 focus,但從句意來理解,比賽后,許多父母和教練 ......比賽結(jié)果,而且總是在挑剔年輕人在比賽中的表現(xiàn)??蛇x項(xiàng)有 greatly 和 hardly,由 take......to heart可推出,教練和父母的反饋信息會(huì)極大地影響年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員,故排除 hardly 而選greatly。 I 由 or 可知, 此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式,且表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)與quitting 相近,故排除選項(xiàng)中的 enjoying 而選 dropping“不再做(某事) ”。然而對(duì)于怎么來教拼寫或者是從提高整個(gè)語言的發(fā)展和寫作能力方面來說,把拼寫放在什么樣優(yōu)先的地位存在著許多不同的看法。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知,前半句是在指責(zé)學(xué)生,故選項(xiàng)中只有 criticism 符合題意。 很明顯此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),可選項(xiàng)有 encourage和 persuade 。 此處應(yīng)填名詞,但能與后面 over 構(gòu)成固定搭配的名詞只有 priority ,故排除 了 criticism 和 motivation 。 篇章詞匯 VS 完形填空 應(yīng)該說,篇章詞匯是完形填空的一種形式。有些人側(cè)重讀懂字詞意義,而有些人匆匆越過字詞,發(fā)揮想象力,對(duì)文章做出自己的闡釋,評(píng)判一番,做出 分析,深入研究。 其中由 “ that” 可知本文一共談到了兩種對(duì)話方式,第一種即是第一段中提到的對(duì)文章反復(fù)提問的方式,第二種就是此處提到的關(guān)于怎樣讀的方 式。由 The former 和 The latter 可知,此處是將兩種人的對(duì)話方式進(jìn)行比較,故可選項(xiàng)有 higher 和 better ,但由前面提到的后一種人對(duì)文章所做的 interpreting, criticizing, analyzing and examining 可知,這些都屬于對(duì)文章更高層次的理解,因此選 higher ??蛇x項(xiàng)有 awake 和 aware ,由前一句中 below the level of consciousness (即 unconsciousness )和此句中 however 轉(zhuǎn)折可以推出,此處應(yīng)填與 consciousness 意思相近的形容詞,故排除 awake “警覺的 ”,而選 aware 。 ” 艾森貝格認(rèn)為:一名教師如果總是把注意力放在獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)上,或是對(duì)于學(xué)生的一般表現(xiàn)也給高分,最終會(huì)扼殺學(xué)生們的靈感。 10. 選 B 很明顯此處應(yīng)填名詞。從原文來看,如果孩子們知道他們?cè)跒楂@得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)而努力,并能專注于相對(duì) …… 的任務(wù),他們就會(huì)表現(xiàn)出很大的創(chuàng)造力,因此只有 challenging 符合題意。認(rèn)知派研究專家認(rèn)為,由于獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)助長(zhǎng)了人們期望從別人那得到 …… 和物質(zhì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的心理,而往往會(huì)破壞創(chuàng)造力,因此,選項(xiàng)中只有 approval “認(rèn)同 ”符合題意。 4. 選 J 此處應(yīng)填形容詞。 8. 選 H 此處應(yīng)填形容詞。 這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句。這一有價(jià)值的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)機(jī)制在激發(fā)學(xué)生努力提高其創(chuàng)造力方面還是非常可取的。 4. 選 B 很明顯此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞且能與 with 搭配。 8. 選 A 此處是將 “ process ” conversation 與 “ content ” conversation 形成對(duì)比,故可選項(xiàng)有 opposed 和 pared ,但 as opposed to 是固定搭配,因此排除 pared 。 ) to hold a process conversation with a text is usually pretty well E)developed. Not so our ability to hold a content conversation. 全文翻譯: 閱讀可以看出是讀者和文章之間的一種溝通。 還有另一種對(duì)話,我們認(rèn)為同樣重要,這種對(duì)話不是有關(guān)讀什么,而是有關(guān)怎樣讀的問題。另外一 個(gè)較為明顯的區(qū)別就是,篇章詞匯是集合式選項(xiàng),所有的選項(xiàng)都集中在一起;而完形填空是分組式選項(xiàng),各道題目的選項(xiàng)互不干擾。 4. 選 N )。 此處應(yīng)填形容詞。 10. 選 G )。那就是為什么老師常常鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生很早就要使用字典,而且寫作時(shí)重視內(nèi)容而非拼寫技能。 ”可選項(xiàng)有 cautious 和 critical,由后文中的 valuable experiences 和be used throughout their lives 可推出,成長(zhǎng)的最初幾年是了解自己的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,而不是謹(jǐn)慎時(shí)期。 A 此處應(yīng)填名詞。 導(dǎo)讀: Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and otherteammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of D)anxiety or stress for young athletes.(其中 aswell as 表示“也,又 ”,它連接的是句子的主語,此句是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句,句子的主干為Criticism...as well as pressure...。這是一個(gè)雙重復(fù)合句,動(dòng)詞短語 worrying more about 后接 who 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,而 instead of后接的是省去了 be 的謂語,即 ”不是 ...... 而是擔(dān)心 ......“。例如,年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員能學(xué)到怎樣和他人合作,交朋友,并獲得一些終生受用的其他社會(huì)技能。研究表明,與批評(píng)相比,積極的肯定更能激勵(lì)人,在幫助學(xué)習(xí)上具有更大作用。 J 本句主系表結(jié)構(gòu)完整,由此可知,此處應(yīng)填副詞,修飾整個(gè)句子。 C 此處應(yīng)填 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式,這里考查的是動(dòng)詞 have 的一個(gè)搭配用法即 have something out of something“從 ......中得到 ......”,故這里選這C) had,表示 “舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)帶來的政治威望和商業(yè)利潤(rùn)。除了東道國(guó)之外,許多參賽者都是當(dāng)時(shí)碰巧在希臘觀光的旅游者。第 11 屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)與 1936 年在柏林舉行,剛在德國(guó)當(dāng)權(quán)的希特勒試圖利用這個(gè)大好時(shí)機(jī)進(jìn)行納粹宣傳。 奧運(yùn)會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)模巨大,體育成績(jī) 已經(jīng)達(dá)到了前所未有的高度。 導(dǎo)讀: The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens(雅典) in 1896 and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nationman participants were tourists who I) happened to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was L) informalstandard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept then the games had been held every four years except during the M)interruption of the two World War. This wasJ)definitely a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stoPand make way for the games have grown enormously in scale and K)physical performances have now reached unprecedented heights. Unfortunatelythe same cannot be said about their Dmoral stantard. Instead of Olympia, the modern games are now held in different cities allover the world. Inevitably politics and mercialism get involved as countries vie each other for(為 ......而互相競(jìng)爭(zhēng) )the A)honour to hold the games because of the political prestige and mercial profit to be C)had out of them.(這是 一個(gè)復(fù)合句。由 Unfortunately 和 because of the political prestige and mercial profit 可推出,不幸的是各國(guó)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)舉辦奧運(yùn)的目的是為了政治威望與利益,可見此處說明的是與體育成績(jī)相對(duì)應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的道德水準(zhǔn)沒有得到相應(yīng)的提高,選項(xiàng)中只有 moral 符合題意。 L and 引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)意思相近的并列結(jié)構(gòu),由 the standard was not high“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不高 ”可知,此處要填的是和 not high 語氣一致的形容詞,再由前兩句可知,參賽的國(guó)家很少并且有很多很多游客參加了比賽,這說明這次比賽沒有那么正式,選項(xiàng)中只有 informal 符合題意。比賽結(jié)果應(yīng)該不會(huì)比學(xué)習(xí)體育和其他一些人生經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過程更為重要。而且研究已表明,它能導(dǎo)致人的精疲力竭。) Burnout has beendescribed as I)dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.( Burnout has been... quitting ofan activity...。 L 此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞,且能與 on 構(gòu)成搭配。 H 此處應(yīng)填副詞。 (四) Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticismfrom coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessiveamount of __1__ or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychologicaland research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as __2__ orquitting of an activity that was at one time early years of development are __3__ years for learning about oneself. The sport settingis one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to__4__ with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can __5__affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find aflaw(缺陷) in and parents should also be __6__ that youth sport participation does not bee workfor children. That oute of the game should not be more important than the __7__ of learning thesport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying moreabout who will win instead of __8__ themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents andcoaches __9__ on the oute and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcementshould be provided regardless of the oute. Research indicates that positive re
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