汽車制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)外文翻譯(文件)
【正文】 is provides the braking action. Pistons are made of either plastic or metal. There are three general types of disk brakes. They are the floatingcaliper type, the fixedcaliper type, and the slidingcaliper type. Floatingcaliper and slidingcaliper disk brakes used single piston. Fixedcaliper disk brakes have either two or four pistons. The brake system assemblies are actuated by mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic devices. The mechanical leverage is used in the parking brakes fitted in all automobile. When the brake pedal is depressed, the rod pushes the piston of brake master cylinder which presses the fluid. The fluid flows through the pipeline to the power brake unit and then to the wheel cylinder. The fluid pressure expands the cylinder pistons thus pressing the shoes to the drum or disk. If the pedal is released, the piston returns to the initial position, the pull back springs retract the shoes, The fluid is forced back to the master cylinder and braking ceases. The primary purpose of the parking brake is to hold the vehicle stationary while it is unattended. The parking brake is mechanically operated by the driver when a separate parking braking hand lever is set. The hand brake is normally used when the car has already stopped. A lever is pulled and the rear brakes are approached and located in the “on”position. The car may now be left without fear of its rolling away. When the driver wants to move the car again ,he must press a button before the lever can be released. The hand brake must also be to stop the car in the event of the foot brake failing. For this reason, it is separate from the foot brake uses cable or rods instead of the hydraulic system. Antilock Brake System Antilock brake system make braking safer and more convenient, Antilock brake system modulate brake system hydraulic pressure to prevent the brakes from locking and the tires from kidding on slippery pavement or during a panic stop. Antilock brake system have been used on aircraft for years, and some domestic car were offered with an early form of antilock braking in late 1990’s. Recently, several automakers have introduced more sophisticated antilock system. Investigation in Europe, where antilock braking systems have been available for a decade, have led one manufacture to state that the number of traffic accidents could be reduced by seven and a half percent if all cars had antilock brakes. So some sources predict that all cars will offer antilock brakes to improve the safety of the car. Antilock system modulate brake application force several times per second to hold the tires at a controlled amount of slip。 當(dāng)駕駛員踩下制動(dòng)踏板，所產(chǎn)生的制動(dòng)力是汽車運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)動(dòng)力的 10 倍。制動(dòng)器是由司機(jī)用腳踩、松動(dòng)制動(dòng)踏板來(lái)控制的。 鋼制的 “制動(dòng)管路 ”和有柔性的 “制動(dòng)軟管 ”把制動(dòng)主缸連接到每個(gè)輪子的 “制動(dòng)輪缸 ”上。 基本上講，所有的汽車制動(dòng)器都是摩擦制動(dòng)器。當(dāng)制動(dòng)踏板被踩下時(shí)，制動(dòng)液會(huì)從制動(dòng)主缸流入輪缸。目前大多數(shù)的車都有一個(gè)容易看得見的制動(dòng)液的裝置，為的是不用打開蓋子就可以看得見制動(dòng)液的油面。位于在空氣中的制動(dòng)液就會(huì)吸收空氣中的潮氣引起制動(dòng)液低于沸點(diǎn)。系統(tǒng)的其他部分在所有的連接點(diǎn)上都應(yīng)用了無(wú)腐蝕性的無(wú)縫鋼管。他們是危險(xiǎn)也是不正確的。制動(dòng)鼓的內(nèi)部表面與制動(dòng)蹄的內(nèi)層之間有空隙。 盤式制動(dòng)器包括制動(dòng)盤而不是制動(dòng)鼓，在它的兩面上各有一個(gè)薄的制動(dòng)片或叫盤式制動(dòng)器的制動(dòng)片?；钊?
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