【正文】 的四分之一，僅僅低于江蘇省，在 2021 年到 2021 年， 僅 一個湖州市就在大力推動光伏發(fā)電上發(fā)展了四十個項目，總容量超過了 50 兆瓦。其他設備費用 約 為 6元 /瓦。太陽能熱水器，顧名思義，就是講太陽的輻射能收集起來，將其傳遞給導熱介質，把水溫從低溫加熱到高溫，把太陽能裝換為熱能的裝置，能滿足人們對熱水的需求，同時對環(huán)境進行保護，能源進行充分利 用。 通過下圖我們就可以看到熱管式真空管型太陽能集熱器的工作原理，首先太陽照射在集熱管上，集熱管上的薄膜吸收太陽的能量，并將其轉化為熱能，通過鋁翼的導熱性再傳遞給 中間部分的熱管內 ，在很短的時間內，熱管內的介質汽化，經過汽化的介質向上運動到達冷凝段，將冷凝段里面的水加熱，熱水會從右端出去，而被吸走了熱量的介質又變成了液體，向下流回了熱管內部，如此循環(huán)的工作，一直吸收著外界的太陽能，其示意圖如下： 圖 平板型 太陽能 集熱器 平板 型 太陽能 集熱器 的技術 在當今世 界上已經達到了成熟的地步，不單單是我國，其他的科技大國也在試圖將太陽能產品與建筑形成一體化，既可以達到外觀上的美觀，也可以達到實用的效果，之所以沒有在我國實行全面的應用，很大一部分還是和政策有關，比如我們的房屋建筑在最開始的時候就沒有留出太陽能熱水器專用的管道，如果政策跟上了，太陽能熱水器實現(xiàn)全面的家庭化就指日可待了。與真空管型的集熱器相比，平板型的集熱器使用壽命比較長，一般在三十年左右，而真空管型的只有十年左右，而且平板型的集熱器的每平米有效采光面積是真空管型的兩倍，能達到 每平米， 使用成本低是它最大的優(yōu)勢，有優(yōu)勢必有劣勢，相對真空管型的集熱器，平板型的集熱器保溫性能差，尤其是在溫度高的時候，它會隨著溫 度的升高通過蓋板和外殼向外界釋放更多的熱量，造成熱損耗，當然了，它的防凍性能也要比真空管型的差很多，容易產生水垢，在我國用真空管型的比較多，占百分之九十以上，而國外使用超過百分之九十以上的是平板型的集熱器。為了減少太陽能的能量損失，在最小的面積上最大化的利用太陽能，提高利用效率，我國對它的核心部件 —— 太陽能集熱條進行了多年的研究實驗，如今已經 取得了良好的成果。下面我們就對光伏系統(tǒng)做簡單的介紹：太陽電池組件陣列在白天有太陽照射的時候，產生電動勢，當它的電動勢達到一定的值時，經過充放電控制器對蓄電池組進行充電，將吸收的太陽能轉換成電能儲存在蓄電池組中，當我們需要用電的時候，如果需要的是直流電，可直接通過充放電成控制器對負載進行供電，如果需要使用的是 交流電，則需要添加一個交流逆變電源，將直流電轉換成交流電供負載使用。 第三個就是應用于離網通訊基站系統(tǒng)的應用，在現(xiàn)在這個通訊發(fā)達的時代，通訊設備是必不可少的，對于一些地方我們需要建立信號塔，這些設施需要供電，而在考慮到投入最小、對環(huán)境影響最小、占地最小的前提下，離網光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)就派上了用處，這種系統(tǒng)不 僅可以在占有較小的土地資源情況下立即發(fā)電，而且清潔可再生，好維護。 圖 光伏并網發(fā)電原理圖 16 并網光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)可以分為四類： 第一類是 有逆流并網光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)：這種系統(tǒng)的特點是，當由光伏系統(tǒng)產生的電量大于我們需要的用量時，將多余的電量出入到市網內，而當太陽能電池組產生的電量供不應求時，我們再從市網提取不夠的部分，由于向電網輸入電量的方向與從中提取電量的方向不同，所以稱之為有逆流 并網光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)。 17 結束語 化石能源一直在我們的能源生活中充當著重要的角色，但是 其也有自己的弊端，比如按照現(xiàn)在的消耗水平計算，煤炭還能用 200 年，天然氣還能用 80 年。 18 謝辭 在這次寫畢業(yè)論文之前，其實我對論文的概念還真不是很懂，以前就是覺得這是類似于說明書一樣的文章，只是比正常的說明書要長一些罷了。 在我論文初期框架寫完后，陳老師又教會 我如何整理論文的結構，幫我查看我內容中不合理的部分，悉心指導我的格式錯誤，對我這個很容易犯小錯誤的學生細心的指點，告訴我論文中哪些地方頭重腳輕了，哪些地方寫的太詳細了，哪些地方又寫的不夠清楚，直到我的論文能給人以層次感，沿著一條思路寫下去。s Shaanxi province pass through a stop on the ancient Silk Road, Gansu39。t have a formal stage. The audience just sat on the grass. Usually, the performances became a big party with local people joining in. For him, the rewarding part about touring isn39。s Poly Theater. Their show, titled Ulan Muqir on the Grassland, depicted the history and development of the art troupe. Being from the region allowed me to embrace the culture of Inner Mongolia and being a member of the troupe showed me where I belonged, Nasun, the art troupe39。s lost, I believe, are the interesting setups and pauses that illuminate the Chinese art of storytelling. Much of the plot is still there. It is the flavor that was sacrificed. The American edition uses the framework of the Empress Dowager in her senior years reminiscing at the beginning and the end of each episode, hinting at what39。s Liaoning province, decades ago. The solider gave the old man a handmade saddle when they bid farewell. The story inspired Nasun to write Carved Saddle, a song that later became one of his most popular numbers. Now, every year, Nasun recruits young singers and dancers for the troupe. The troupe has also designed a new repertoire, which is mostly based on the daily lives of Mongolian people, especially the lives of nomadic families, and has bined contemporary musical elements with folk songs of the region. Haimu, a 25yearold khoomei (a local variant of overtone singing) singer, joined the troupe three years ago. Along with a sixmember band, he performs fast songs and soft ones that he writes－ all while playing the horsehead fiddle.Although I learned the piano since childhood and grew up listening to various kinds of music, to me, the folk music of Inner Mongolia is the root, he says. Performing in remote villages is pleasant. I feel at home on the boundless grasslands, and the warm people there make me feel fulfilled. The first round of spring auction season in Beijing ended last week, but it failed to create much spring in the art market. Although two pieces of Chinese painting fetched more than 100 million yuan, the decline in trading volume and sa le rate showed a downturn this year. In the ―Grand View: Chinese Painting Highlight‖ session at China Guardian 2021 spring auctions, Pan Tianshou’s representative work Eagle, Rock and Flora hit a record auction price of 279 million yuan, while Li Keran’s masterwork Jinggang Mountain fetched million yuan, an unexpected high in recent years. However, the trading volume fells to billion yuan from billion yuan in the same period the year before. The Huangchen 2021 Spring Auctions, which recorded million yuan in total sales, experienced the same. The section number went down to 5 from 12 pared to last year. According to expert Shao Jianwu, the art market did not attract much excitement this year due to the booming stock market and the persistent problems of fery and fake deals. The two pieces of Chinese painting notched up high price this spring due to their own value not due to a revival in the market. The successful transaction of two works with a hammer price of more than 100 million yuan once again confirms that valuable and rare works of high quality always earn the longlasting high price. Chinese painting and calligraphy is still the pillar of the market. However, the overall sales rate has dropped slightly, which reflects the demand for the ordinary auction goods has weakened,‖ said the president of China Guardian’s Hu Yanyan. Besides, the entry of new buyers also makes certain changes to the direction of purchasing. In a word, the overall market trend is very unpredictable. Although China Guardian 2021 Spring Auctions has achieved remarkable results, it does not mean that the market has walked out of the predicament. We still have to wait for the big economic boom to invigorate the art market.‖ Even so, the hot pursuit of some special items appeared this spring. A special session of China Guardian Spring Auctions titled ―Fine Gilt—Bronze Bud