【正文】 different angles. Confucianism made nature humanized, and Taoism made human naturalized, both of which considered that human beings and nature are of one unity. Synthetic thinking classifies human and nature as an integral whole. As for unity of nature and human beings。s thinking the subjective experience and the objective facts are always substituted for each other. Chinese unity leads to the seeking of the monality。s behavior. When doing something, people always ash whether it has been done before, for the fruit of the past experiences of people arouses in the Chinese mind a sense of validity (Nakamura, 1964: 20). People are less interested in new ideas that in conforming to the old, and in appreciating tile achievements of the past. They try to discover in advance the laws governing life. For Chinese people, learning implies full Knowledge of the precedents of a past age, .， searching out the ancient ways. In close relation to this, Chinese language has abundant historical allusions and set literary phrases, for example: 湖南涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 12 三顧茅廬 make three calls at the thatched cottage repeatedly request someone to take up responsibility 四面楚歌 hear the sounds of the Chu all around be bes。s thinking style is not close to direct perception of impermanent forms. They stress action and performance. They believe their reasonable and effective thinking pattern. The American39。s best to put such knowledge into practice. Unity of emotion and scene is the bination of personal feeling and situation. Chinese synthetic thinking is indeed trying to realize harmony between subjectivity and objectivity as a whole. The Chinese tend to believe that the universe is a vast and multidimensional anism of many interrelated ponents. It puts nature, society, and humans into a whole anism and cares more about their relation aspects rather than to depose them anism and cares more about their relation aspects rather than to depose them into many parts. Unitary Vs Opposite 湖南涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 9 Another difference in thought patterns is found in the Chinese tendency toward unity and in the American inclination toward opposite. Chinese people tend to emphasize unity between the subjective and the objective realms of the inner and the outer conditions. It does not mean that Chinese people ignore the existence of the opposites only that incline to view the opposites as a unity, namely, a unity of opposites accentuating the inseparability of the relations between the subject and the object. People tend to view a concept as both “A” and not A. American39。 such thinking patterns explain the world from a dualistic angle. The Americans believe the power of man. Their relationship with nature is “master slave relationship with man the master of nature” (Hu, 1988:07). American culture admires independence and they believe that early birds catch the worms. Their thinking 湖南涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 8 patterns base on individualism whereas the Chinese base their thinking patterns on groups. Therefore, Americans tend to depose plex things and study them one by one, with analytical logic their preference. Aristotle believes that analysis is the basic form of dialectical thinking. He confirms that analytics is the instrument of all subjects. Compared to the American thinking patterns, the Chinese pays more attention to connotation and stress synthesis. Because Chinese and American thinking patterns focus on quite different aspects, there must be many differences in people39。 hence, patterns of thinking actually determine the success and failure of munication. Intercultural Communication Intercultural munication has been the interests of scholars in many different fields and various terms have been used in the research literature to refer to this discipline. The most monly used terms are intercultural munication, crosscultural munication and international munication. These seemingly confusing terms actually all concern the study of problems caused by the impact of culture and munication, but from a different standpoint. Intercultural munication involves munication between people from different cultural backgrounds. Crosscultural munication is usually concerned with the contrastive study of patterns of munication between speakers from two cultures. The typical approach of research is a parison of cultural behavior or municative patterns among people from the same culture with interactions between people from another culture. While intercultural munication involves interactions among people from different cultural backgrounds in more general terms, crosscultural munication involves a parison of interactions among people from two cultures on an aspect of specific interest. The term International munication refers to munication between people from different nations. Since nations are political entities, this term is most often used in discussing international problems in the political arena and not monly adopted in cultural studies. It is munication between nations and government rather than between individuals. A Description of Related Empirical Studies Many Chinese scholars contribute their efforts in the study area. Early as Lin 湖南涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 6 Yutang and Yan Fu, who gave much extraordinary ments on this thinking styles, professor Hu Wenzhong and Jia Yuxin has published many books on intercultural munication which involved patterns of thinking, beliefs and values: Professor Yuan Ying gave a parison of Chinese and American patterns of thinking in her article On the