【正文】 ng bank. () 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 51 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? If a nominated bank determines that a presentation is plying and forwards the documents to the issuing bank or confirming bank, whether or not the nominated bank has honoured or negotiated, an issuing bank or confirming bank must honour or negotiate, or reimburse that nominated bank, even when the documents have been lost in transit between the nominated bank and the issuing bank or confirming bank, or between the confirming bank and the issuing bank.() 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 52 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? An irrevocable Credit constituted a definite undertaking or the issuing Bank, provided that the stipulated documents are presented to the Nominated Bank or to the Issuing Bank and that the terms and conditions of the Credit are plied with( of UCP500) ? 如果發(fā)送單證相符單據(jù)給開證行的銀行是一家被指定銀行，而單據(jù)在途中遺失，那么開證行有責(zé)任付款，前提是單據(jù) 以信用證規(guī)定的方式寄送 ，即當(dāng)信用證規(guī)定為掛號郵寄時，單據(jù)要按那種方式寄送，而不是通過快遞公司。 并且，如果受益人在該信用證項下交單，就說明受益人已同意該條款，受該條款約束。 （第 21條） 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 60 (ISBP41： Documents may be titled as called for in the credit, bear a similar title, or be untitled) 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 61 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 明確開證行可以作為轉(zhuǎn)讓行轉(zhuǎn)讓自己開立的信用證 ? Transferring bank means a nominated bank that transfers the credit or, in a credit available with any bank, a bank that is specifically authorized by the issuing bank to transfer and that transfers the credit. An issuing bank may be a transferring bank.() ? 開證行 “ 一手托兩家 ” 。開證行在到期日拒絕償付保兌行，理由是：在到期日前發(fā)現(xiàn)了欺詐 ? 交涉無果，保兌行起訴開證行，要求開證行履行償付責(zé)任 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 69 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 調(diào)查 ? 欺詐確定成立 ? Santander銀行在保兌信用證及貼現(xiàn)有關(guān)單據(jù)時不知悉欺詐存在 ? 保兌行和開證行均是在到期日前獲悉欺詐 ? 問題：誰將勝訴？ 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 70 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 法官意見 ? 在受益人欺詐成立，且在到期日之前保兌行已知悉欺詐的前提下，風(fēng)險應(yīng)由保兌行而非開證行承擔(dān) ? 在一份保兌信用證中，開證行對保兌行做出的基本授權(quán)是： 到期付款 。 ? BOC收到承兌通知后，于同日為受益人 NPH辦理貼現(xiàn)。 ? 本判決再一次驗證了貿(mào)易欺詐訴訟不得對抗在不知情條件下議付票據(jù)的“善意第三方”（即議付行）的法律原則。 ? i. 必須看似由受益人出具（第三十八條規(guī)定的情形除外） ? ii. must be made out in the name of the applicant [except as provided in subarticle 38 (g)]。 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 94 ? ISBP： INVOICES ? 發(fā)票的定義 ? 57) 信用證要求 “ 發(fā)票 ” 而未做進(jìn)一步定義，則提交的任何形式的發(fā)票都可以接受（如商業(yè)發(fā)票、海關(guān)發(fā)票、稅務(wù)發(fā)票、最終發(fā)票、領(lǐng)事發(fā)票等）。 and ? iii. 必須與信用證的貨幣相同；且 ? iv. need not be signed. ? iv. 無須簽署 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 93 ? b. A nominated bank acting on its nomination, a confirming bank, if any, or the issuing bank may accept a mercial invoice issued for an amount in excess of the amount permitted by the credit, and its decision will be binding upon all parties, provided the bank in question has not honoured or negotiated for an amount in excess of that permitted by the credit. ? b. 按照指定行事的被指定銀行，保兌行（如有）或開證行可以接受金額大于信用證允許金額的商業(yè)發(fā)票，其決定對有關(guān)各方均具有約束力，只要該銀行對超過信用證允許金額的部分未作兌付或者議付。s liability to BOC having been earlier established. I so order. I will hear counsel on the precise form of the Order, together with argument on interest and costs…… 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 75 ? 第十條 人民法院認(rèn)定存在信用證欺詐的，應(yīng)當(dāng)裁定中止支付或者判決終止支付信用證項下款項，但有下列情形之一的除外： ? （一）開證行的指定人、授權(quán)人已按照開證行的指令善意地進(jìn)行了付款； ? （二）開證行或者其指定人、授權(quán)人已對信用證項下票據(jù)善意地作出了承兌； ? （三）保兌行善意地履行了付款義務(wù)； ? （四）議付行善意地進(jìn)行了議付。為此，進(jìn)口商立即向開證行 JSB提出拒付并以單據(jù)欺詐為由向法院申請止付令； ? 貼現(xiàn)行 BOC對此做出的反應(yīng)是于 1998年 10月 26日向開證行 JSB正式發(fā)出律師函，并向香港高等法院提出訴訟，起訴開證行及開證申請人。如果在到期前確定發(fā)生欺詐，那么保兌行則不再承擔(dān)付款責(zé)任，開證行亦不承擔(dān)償付責(zé)任 ? 不可撤銷延期付款信用證的開證行， 可以受益人欺詐為由拒絕對保兌行償付 ；盡管在欺詐發(fā)現(xiàn)之前保兌行已接受了單據(jù)并對受益人進(jìn)行了付款，開證行仍然有權(quán)采取拒付行動 ? Santander敗訴， Santander無權(quán)要求開證行予以償付 ? 美國司法界和銀行界對此判例的反應(yīng)。拉登對 UCP的貢獻(xiàn)） ? 刪除了信用證 “ 可撤銷 ” 的概念： [A credit is irrevocable even if there is no indication to that effect. ()] 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 66 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? UCP600 incorporates a number of changes from UCP 500: ? New sections on definitions and interpretations have been added to clarify the meaning of ambiguous terms ? The phrase reasonable time for acceptance or refusal of documents has been replaced by a firm period of five banking days ? New provisions allow for the discounting of deferred payment credits ? Banks can now accept an insurance document that contains reference to any exclusion clause ——From ICC Publication 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 67 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? Banco Santander . V. Banque Paribas ? 原告： Banco Santander （保兌行） ? 被告： Banque Paribas（開證行） 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 68 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 背景 ? Paribas開立了一份金額為 USD18,500,。 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 58 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 建立了 “ 單據(jù)必須滿足其功能 ” 的標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ? If a credit requires presentation of a document other than a transport document, insurance document or mercial invoice, without stipulating by whom the document is to be issued or its data content, banks will accept the document as presented if its content appears to fulfil the function of the required document and otherwise plies with subarticle 14 (d ). 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 59 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? When documents other than transport documents, insurance documents and mercial invoices are called for, the Credit should stipulate by whom such documents are to be issued and their wording or data content. If the Credit does not so stipulate, banks will accept such documents as presented, provided that their data content is not inconsistent with any other stipulated document presented. ( of UCP500) ? 當(dāng)要求提供運(yùn)輸單據(jù)、保險單據(jù)和商業(yè)發(fā)票以外的單據(jù)時，信用證中應(yīng)規(guī)定該單據(jù)的出票人及其措辭或內(nèi)容。 （ ICC632/R429） 2021/6/17 Yuqiang Copyright Reserved 53 UCP600與 UCP500的比較分析 ? 開證行的避險手段： ? 慎重選擇被指定銀行，預(yù)防道德風(fēng)險 ? 慎重選擇郵寄公司及郵寄方式（兩次寄單？） ? 慎重規(guī)定付款責(zé)任條款 ? WE HEREBY ENGAGE WITH DRAWERS AND/OR BONAFIDEHOLDERS THAT DRAFT(S) AND/OR DOCUMENTS NEGOTIATED IN CONFORMITY WI