【正文】 agenda to any act of reading. It doesn’t then necessarily follow that one kind of reading is fuller, more advanced or more worthwhile than another. Ideally, different kinds of reading inform each other, and act as useful reference points for and counterbalances to one another. Together, they make up the reading ponent of your overall literacy or relationship to your surrounding textual environment. 　　[A] Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the requirement of a given course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably from reading in a seminar room. 　　[B] Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretation but at the same time obscure or even close off others. 　　[C] If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using clues presented in the contest. On the assumption that they will bee relevant later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between them. 　　[D]In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meanings or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones the author intended. 　　[E]You make further inferences, for instance, about how the test may be significant to you, or about its validity—inferences that form the basis of a personal response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible. 　　[F]In plays，novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created by the author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts. 　　[G]Rather, we ascribe meanings to test on the basis of interaction between what we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organization or patterning we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude that we bring to the text. Section III Translation 　　Directions: 　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) 　　Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration—one of the great folk wanderings of history—swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent. 　　47) The United States is the product of two principal forcesthe immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 　　48) But, the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining oldworld ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American. 　　49) The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th and 16thcentury explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six to twelveweek voyage, they subsisted on barely enough food allotted to them. Many of the ship were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes storms blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought unbearably long delay. 　　“To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief.” said one recorder of events, “The air at twelve leagues’ distance smelt as sweet as a newblown garden.” The colonists’ first glimpse of the new land was a sight of dense woods. 50) The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a veritable real treasurehouse which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores. Section IV Writing 　　Part A 　　51. Directions: 　　You are going to host a club reading session. Write an of about 100 words remending a book to the club members. 　　You should state reasons for your remendation. 　　You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. 　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use Li Ming instead. 　　Do not write the address. (10 points) 　　Part B 　　52. Directions: 　　Write an essay of 160200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should 　　1) describe the drawing briefly 　　2) explain its intended meaning, and 　　3) give your ments 　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points) 手機(jī)時(shí)代的聚會(huì) 參考答案及詳細(xì)解析 I cloze 　　1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what 　　【答案】[D] what 　　【解析】該題考查的是語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)，可以判斷出空格處應(yīng)填從屬連詞引導(dǎo)從句。
　　3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by 　　【答案】[C] on 　　【解析】根據(jù)空格所在句子的內(nèi)容(研究對(duì)1932分獨(dú)特的受試者進(jìn)行分析)判斷出進(jìn)行分析的對(duì)象是1932 unique subjects。所以最佳答案為pared?？涨昂笮纬蓪?duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系，而從后文列舉的例子中可知遺傳學(xué)家James Fowler對(duì)這1%基因的態(tài)度是肯定的，故答案為A。根據(jù)全文中心：基因上的相似性，可知本題選擇A。后半句出現(xiàn)比較級(jí)，可見是和前文形成比較關(guān)系，因此和上半句介詞保持一致，用介詞to。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處所填入動(dòng)詞需符合結(jié)構(gòu)_____sb. in doing sth，B選項(xiàng)observe(觀察，遵守)和C選項(xiàng)confuse(困惑)均無(wú)此用法。因此答案為drive。D選項(xiàng)along with(伴隨)表順接，故排除。故答案為benefits。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意。
　　17. [A]