【正文】 ose we care for. Among the most stressful of these are death, illness, loss of work, money problems, marital problems and retirement. Such worries have a rational basis, but we are curiously irrational in the way we pursue them. For example, fear of death is as strong among young adults as among the elderly and it does not seem to be reduced by any sort of religious faith, including the belief that there is life after death. It is equally surprising that objective measures of anxiety suggest that we are as worried the hour before having a tooth filled as when we face major surgery. How do we deal with worries? Psychiatrists point to a number of defence mechanism. we can use to ward them off. We can avoid the situations which induce them, a sensible manoeuvre practised for example by those who refuse to fly in aeroplanes. We can deny that we have the worry at all, which may be risky if the worry is wellfounded. Alternatively, we may repress or somatiseit. Both are hazardous: the former may lead to freefloating, clinical anxiety, while the latter is a way of saying that many physical afflictions seem to be primarily emotional in origin. Temporaty relief from anxiety can be obtained through engaging in a variety of coping behaviours. These include many of the monest items of our behavioural repertoire. Smoking, drinking, sleeping, eating, taking strenuous exercise, daydreaming:all can be used to reduce anxiety when the occasion demands it. It is when they fail thatworrying or anxiety threatens to bee a clinical problem. Of course, some people worry more than others, whatever the circumstances. So far I have been discussing the state of anxiety, which is largely the product of the amount of stress an individual experiences. But anxiety is also a personality trait, closely related to Eysenck39。re so concerned with daytoday problems that they never stop to think about God. A. agnostic B. devilish C. faithless D. mundane E. sceptical 19. The shares are likely to rise in value following the recent takeover _____. A. attempt B. bid C. challenge D. investment E. trial 20. There have been so many statements about the invention that it39。t been able to______ him.. A. arrive at B. contact C. discover D. meet E. transmit 11. All barristers are expected to study at the Inns of Court. A. hopeful B. prospective C. willbe D. willing E. wishful 12. It39。天津外國語學(xué)院碩士研究生入學(xué)考試試題 I . Choose the word or phrase which best pletes each sentence. （ 30%） 1. Unmarried middleaged ladies usually dislike being called_____ , though it is technically the correct word to use. A. bachelors B. maidens C. old maids D. spinsters E. virgins 2. He was stopped by the police for speeding and had his licence _____. A. banned B. blessed C. devalued D. endorsed E. signed 3. Teachers like students to be _____and listen to what they are saying. A. absorbed B. attentive C. guarded D. prudent E. watchful 4. In this part of the country, the fields are separated by stone_____. A. fences B. hedges C. lines D. partitions E. walls 5. He _____his shoulders and walked off in disgust. A. knitted B. knotted C. shook D. shrugged E. waved 6. What he has been saying is pletely _______ to what we are discussing. A. detached B. exceptional C. impertinent D. irrelevant E. irreverent 7. Holbein39。s a delightful island, above all because it39。s difficult to know where the truth lies. A. conflicting B. distinguished C. reactionary D. reflective E. reverse 21. I39。s neuroticism dimension, and the genes we inherit may predispose us to bee warriers. The importance of constitutional factors is underlined by the fact that people rarely have breadowns for the first time later in life, despite the fact that stressinducing events bee more frequent as we get older. It is difficult to decide at what point worrying ceases to benormal, but it is clearly rea sonable to worry. People get seriously ill, plans go awry, tube trains sometimes crash. In practice, anxiety is judged to be pathological when it curtails our ability to lead a normal ex istence. We can manage perfectly well without travelling in planes or lifts, and an evening out isn39。it also galvanises us to achieve more. Without it. it is difficult to see how there could be either social or intellectual progress. So worrying is not after all an unproductive activity. Perhaps the time to get worried is when you39。s roads but this still leaves a large number of disgruntled motorists. Happily they are also a vociferous minority, so that the trade have been well aware for some time that there is room for improvement of their image, as well as the service they provide. The principal cause for plaint is cost, bined with a lack of confidenc e in the qual ity of the work done. With an average national labour rate of at least ￡ an hour, a serv ice, including parts, on an ordinary family saloon can easily cost ￡ 25 more in London. Faced with bills of this size the motorist feels that he is entitled to the redcarpet treatment, and this is what he doesn39。t throw them away instantly in the event of a dispute it is not enough to rely on your memory. The garage may have a better one. Thc first thing to do in disputes, of course, is to take it up with the garage at the highest level you can reach. Don39。 however, certain ponents of intelligence were improved far more than others. The kind of intelligence favored by the interplay of increasingly smarter catchers and in creasingly keener escapers is defined by attentionthat aspect of mind carrying consciousness forward from one moment to the next. It ranges from a passive, freefloating