【正文】 ts stopped ，學(xué)生們停下來不玩了。not + 分詞Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to ，她停下來等著。I have my hair 。分詞和動名詞都可以作定語，判斷是分詞還是動名詞，可以根據(jù)它們和被修飾詞有無邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系來判斷，有主謂關(guān)系的是分詞，否則判斷為動名詞。而過去分詞的形式則在動詞后面加 ，狀語或表語。s stop to have a 。I like promised to help love watching )remember, forget, regret后面跟動名詞時，動名詞表示過去的動作，后面跟不定式時，不定式表示將來的動作。能跟動名詞的動詞有：avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can39。We considered not doing it 。s no use waiting here, let39。There are much work to be 。s necessary for us to help each 。t know when to 。s unfair not to tell 。：We went to the hospital to see our 。 ：What I should do is to finish the task 。s necessary to find the 。s my pleasure to help ，而用 it 作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。s too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的邏輯主語）非謂語動詞仍有語態(tài)和時態(tài)的變化。（do 用原形）非謂語動詞的特征：如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面須跟賓語。Climbing mountain is a good exercise.(Climbing..., 動名詞起名詞作用）Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing..分詞起形容詞作用）He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch...不定式起副詞作用)謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區(qū)別：1)謂語動詞在句中可單獨作謂語，而非謂語動詞不能單獨作謂語。It is good Playing chess after supper．晚飯后弈棋挺好。It is a great fun playing football．打籃球很有趣。7．非謂語動詞中的有關(guān)句型（1）動名詞作主語的句型1）Doing...+ is an 。這類詞主要有：absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel ,selfish, wicked, wrong等 It is very kind of you to help me．你幫助我太好了。例如： Tom insisted on my going with them．他堅持要我和他們一起去。(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容詞后面，常用of引出不定式的邏輯主語。The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking．醫(yī)生除了讓他戒煙，其它什么都沒有說。(注)：①上述感覺動詞與使役動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時．其后的不定式一般需帶to，如： He was seen to e．The boy was made to go to bed early.②在動詞find與help之后，不定式可帶to亦可不帶to，如: He was surprised to find the sheep(to)break fence at this season．他發(fā)現(xiàn)羊在此季節(jié)越出柵欄，感到驚訝。When the streets are full of melting snow, you cannot help but getting your shoes wet.(3)不帶to的不定式1）在表示生理感覺的動詞后的不定式不帶to。(賓語)The difficulty was how to cross the river．困難在于如何過河。它在句中可以用作主語、賓語、表語和雙重賓語。(結(jié)果)We are glad to hear the news．我們很高興聽到這消息。(時間)Reading carefully，you39。(目的)2)分詞作狀語放在句子開頭，除表示原因之外有時表示時間或條件。Faced with difficulties, we must try to overe ，我們必須設(shè)法克服。He went out shutting the door behind 。3）下列不及物動詞也以過去分詞形式做定語或表語，但不具有被動意義，這點要注意：departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frownup, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, muchtraveled, newlyarrived, recentlye(3)不定式和分詞作定語時的時間關(guān)系一般來說，不定式所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之后；現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動作與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生；過去分詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前。He rushed into the burning house．他沖進了正在燃燒著的房子。Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us． 他們放棄這個實驗的決定使我們大吃一驚。6）不定代詞something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等習(xí)慣上用不定式做定語。3)不及物動詞構(gòu)成的不定式做定語，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~和被修飾的名詞形成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，這里的介詞不能省去。4．不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語的區(qū)別(1）不定式作定語1)不定式與其所修飾的名詞可能是主謂關(guān)系He was the last one to leave school yesterday．昨天他是最后一個離開教室的。s try doing the work some other way．讓我們試一試用另外一種辦法來做這工作。t regret telling her what I thought．我不后悔給她講過我的想法。例如： I should like to see him tomorrow．10)need, want, deserve +動名詞表被動意義；+不定式被動態(tài)表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。3．不定式和動名詞作賓語的區(qū)別英語中大多數(shù)動詞既可跟不定式，也可跟動名詞作直接賓語，但有些動詞要求：(1)不定式做賓語和賓語補足語 1)下面的動詞要求不定式做賓語 attempt企圖 enable能夠 neglect忽視 afford負擔(dān)得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算 begin開始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏appear似乎，顯得 determine決定 manage設(shè)法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厭惡 pretend假裝 ask問 dread害怕 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love愛 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg請求 fail不能 plan計劃bother擾亂；煩惱 forget忘記 prefer喜歡，寧愿 care關(guān)心，喜歡 happen碰巧 prepare準(zhǔn)備 decide決定 learn學(xué)習(xí)regret抱歉，遺憾 choose選擇 hesitate猶豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承諾，允許 start開始 undertake承接 want想要 consent同意，贊同 intend想要 refuse拒絕 decide決定 learn學(xué)習(xí)vow起contrive設(shè)法，圖謀 incline有…傾向 propose提議 seek找，尋覓 try試圖清華大學(xué)英語教授研究組提供2)下面的動詞要求不定式做賓補：動詞+賓語+動詞不定式 ask要求，邀請 get請，得到 prompt促使 allow允許 forbid禁止 prefer喜歡，寧愿 announce宣布 force強迫 press迫使 bride 收買 inspire鼓舞 request請求 assist協(xié)助 hate憎惡 pronounce斷定，表示 advise勸告 exhort告誡，勉勵 pray請求authorize授權(quán)，委托 help幫助 remend勸告，推薦 bear容忍 implore懇求 remind提醒 beg請求 induce引誘 report報告pel強迫 invite吸引，邀請，summon傳喚 mand命令 intend想要，企圖 show 顯示 drive驅(qū)趕 mean意欲，打算 train訓(xùn)練 cause引起 instruct指示 require要求 deserve應(yīng)受 leave使，讓 tell告訴 direct指導(dǎo) like喜歡 tempt勸誘 entitle有資格 order命令 warn告誡 enable使能夠 need需要 urge激勵，力說 encourage鼓勵 oblige不得不 want想要 condemn指責(zé)，譴責(zé) lead引起，使得 teach教 entreat懇求 permit允許 wish希望(2)有少數(shù)動詞只能用動名詞作賓語acknowledge承認，自認 cease 停止 mention說到，講到 admit 承認 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜歡，討厭 advocate：提倡，主張 plete完成 dread可怕 appreciate 感激，欣賞 confess坦白 endure忍受 avoid避免 contemplate細想 enjoy享有，喜愛 bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒can39。換句話說，若人對……感興趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有興趣時，就是說sb./ ：interesting使人感到高興interested感到高興的 exciting令人激動的excited感到激動的 delighting令人高興的delighted感到高興的 disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的 encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人費解的puzzled感到費解的 satisfying令人滿意的satisfied感到滿意的 surprising令人驚異的surprised感到驚異的 worrying令人擔(dān)心的worried感到擔(dān)心的Travelling is interesting but tiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞。動名詞做表語，說明主語的性質(zhì)或情況。s architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant．(2)動名詞作表語：動名詞作表語，表示抽象的一般性的行為。To work means to earn a living．工作就是為了生活。To do two things at a time is to do neither．次做兩件事等于未做。Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．這里禁止抽煙。第一篇：非謂語動詞下篇用法歸納非謂語動詞用法歸納非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽這么多煙對你身體很不好。(經(jīng)驗)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰時刻開車令人厭煩。What I would suggest is to start work at 。3)如果主語是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等為中心的名詞，或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，不定式作表語是對主語起補充說明作用。Our work is serving the people．我們的工作是為人民服務(wù)。People cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expe