【正文】 溫度控制方案的選擇 ............................................... 5 主要器件的選擇 ...................................................... 6 傳感器 ........................................................... 6 主控元件 ......................................................... 8 顯示器件 ......................................................... 9 控制模塊 ......................................................... 9 通信模塊 ........................................................ 11 上位機(jī)組態(tài)監(jiān)控 ..................................................... 12 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)框圖 ................................................... 12 3 系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 14 系統(tǒng)硬件電路框圖 ................................................... 14 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 14 多點(diǎn)測(cè)量電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 16 ............................................. 16 ............................................. 16 DS18B20 使用中注意事項(xiàng) .......................................... 18 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說明書 2 顯示和鍵盤電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 18 顯示和鍵盤電路圖 ................................................ 18 顯示部分設(shè)計(jì) .................................................... 19 鍵盤電路設(shè)計(jì) .................................................... 20 控制模塊電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 21 控制執(zhí)行電路 .................................................... 21 報(bào)警電路 ........................................................ 21 串口通訊電路 ....................................................... 22 4系統(tǒng)軟件部分設(shè)計(jì) .................................................. 23 軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) ....................................................... 23 DS18B20 的測(cè)溫程序 ................................................. 24 DS18B20 常用指令 ................................................ 24 初始化子程序 ................................................... 24 讀子程序 ....................................................... 25 寫子程序 ....................................................... 25 顯示和鍵盤掃描程序 ................................................. 26 顯示掃描程序流程圖 .............................................. 26 鍵盤掃描程序流程圖 .............................................. 26 控制執(zhí)行程序 ....................................................... 27 控制思路及其流程圖 .............................................. 27 PID 控制算法 .................................................... 28 PID 參數(shù)的整定 .................................................. 29 PWM 波的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................... 30 通訊程序 ........................................................... 30 組態(tài)王監(jiān)控界面設(shè)計(jì) ................................................. 34 5 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 ......................................................... 36 硬件部分調(diào)試 ....................................................... 36 軟件部分調(diào)試 ....................................................... 37 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說明書 3 6 總結(jié) ............................................................ 38 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................... 40 致謝 .............................................................. 41 附錄 A 電氣原理圖 ................................................... 42 附錄 B 主要程序 ..................................................... 42 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說明書 1 1 緒 論 溫度在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中成為一個(gè)很重要的物理量，人們可以根據(jù)溫度來調(diào)節(jié)個(gè)人的生活行為，氣象工作者可以根據(jù)溫度變化范圍來提供可靠的天氣預(yù)報(bào)。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： AT89S52； DS18B20； 溫度控制 ； 組態(tài)王； RS232 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說明書 Abstract In industrial and agricultural production and daily life,all sectors are closely related to Measurement and Control occupy a very important position. At present,temperature measurement and control equipment has bee normal working majority of the premise that and the temperature requirements more stringent. Therefore,the temperature measurement and control method of attracting increasing attention. The paper introduces a temperature control system,the detection and control of the controlled objects are acplished by slave puters,and the supervision of the controlled objects and slave puters is implemented in the host puter based on King and Microprocessor AT89S52 build up sensor works,which ac hieve the design of hardware and software for multiple spots temperature detected and control Paper describes the DS18B20 temperature measurement method and application of incremental PID loop control algorithm and mode of PWM power by controlling the solid state relay must cycle on/off duty cycle, and ultimately to electric oven temperature entire temperature detected and control system is capable of detecting and controlling multiplepoint temperature for accurate measurement,the controlling range from the room temperature to 120℃ ， control error is less than ℃ .The munication between PC and microprocessor based on RS2332 is described in detail in the View software supports a powerful platform for real time detection supports powerful function for data acquisition and management and manmachine state detection for temperature detected and control system based on Microprocessor and King View software is designed to detect the devices and make sure the devices work in a reliable,effective and secure way. With low cost,high reliability and convenience of operators,the system can be used in many fields such as the temperature measurement system of warehouse,the air conditioning control of building and the monitor of productive process. Keywords: AT89S52。論文中介紹了 DS18B20 進(jìn)行循環(huán)溫度檢測(cè) 的方法和采用增量式 PID控制算法和 PWM調(diào)功方式，通過控制固態(tài)繼電器 在一定周期內(nèi)的通斷占空比，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)電烤箱的溫度控制。溫度已成為大多數(shù)儀器正常工作的前提，而且對(duì)溫度的要求也越來越嚴(yán)格。因此，溫度檢測(cè)與控制方法的研究也越來越受到人們的重視。 其中 控制范圍為 室溫 到 120℃， 誤差小于 ℃。 DS18B20。在工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，人們根據(jù)溫度值來調(diào)節(jié)生產(chǎn)過程。溫度作為在生產(chǎn)、科研、生活中需要測(cè)量和控制的重要物理量，其測(cè)量控制一般采用各式各樣形態(tài)的溫度傳感器。模擬溫度傳感器的輸出還可 以送到比較器來產(chǎn)生超溫指示信號(hào)，或直接送到模擬數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換器的輸入，用來顯示實(shí)時(shí)溫度數(shù)據(jù)。它的典型應(yīng)用如關(guān)閉系統(tǒng)電源，啟動(dòng)風(fēng)扇、