【正文】 業(yè)的重點(diǎn)是如何將車輛有效的使用并決定其最經(jīng)濟(jì)的行駛路線圖，使商品能在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)送到顧客的手中。物流中心的功能就在于對(duì)商品的倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)與運(yùn)輸進(jìn)行有效的統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃以降低配送成本?！迸渌褪窃诩?貨、配貨基礎(chǔ)上，按用戶要求，包括種類、品種搭配、數(shù)量、時(shí)間等方面的要求所進(jìn)行的運(yùn)送，是“配”和“送”的有機(jī)結(jié)合形式，其主要功能是輸送。 據(jù)中國(guó)物流信息中心統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)算， 2021 年，全國(guó)社會(huì)物流總額達(dá) 萬(wàn)億元，同比增長(zhǎng) %(按現(xiàn)價(jià)計(jì)算 )，增幅比上年同期提高 個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。 目前國(guó)內(nèi)采用遺傳算法解決物流配送的車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度問(wèn)題的研究還處在起步階段。 由于此問(wèn)題為小組成員共同研究，本文重點(diǎn)論述了本人完成的關(guān)于適應(yīng)度函數(shù)和變異操作的部分。 本文在研究 物流配送 車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)有時(shí)間窗的車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析。 I 摘 要 近年來(lái)，物流作為“第三方利潤(rùn)的源泉”受到國(guó)內(nèi)各行業(yè)的極大重視并得到了較大的發(fā)展。并對(duì)所采用的遺傳算法的基本理論做了論述。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：物流配送 車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度 遺傳算法 時(shí)間窗 II Abstract Recent years, logistics, taken as third profit resource”, has been developing rapidly. In the developed mercial society, traditional VSP algorithm have been unable to meet the requirement that Quick Response to customer demand had brought forth, then the conception of Time Window has e into being. The vehiclescheduling problem with time window is also a NPhard problem being more plicated than VSP. This text has been researched to the vehiclescheduling problem with time window on the basis of researched to logistic vehicle scheduling problem. And it has explained the basic theory of geic algorithm. On the VSP with time window, while the restraints of capacity and time windows are changed into object restraints, a mathematic model is established. We use technique such as maximum preserved crossover and design geic algorithm on nature number, which can deal with soft time windows through experimental analysis, have made better result. Because this problem was studied together for group members, this text has expounded the part about fitness function and mutation operator that I finished. Key words: logistic distribution vehicle scheduling problem geic algorithm time windows III 目 錄 摘 要 .....................................................................................................I Abstract ................................................................................................ II 目 錄 .................................................................................................. III 引 言 .................................................................................................... 1 第 1 章 概 述 ...................................................................................... 2 研究背景 .................................................................................. 2 物流配送車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度的研究動(dòng)態(tài)和水平 ................................... 4 問(wèn)題的提出 ...................................................................... 4 分類 ................................................................................ 4 基本問(wèn)題與基本方法 ......................................................... 5 算法 ................................................................................ 5 貨運(yùn)車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度問(wèn)題的分類 ........................................... 6 研究的意義 .............................................................................. 7 研究的范圍 .............................................................................. 7 第 2 章 有時(shí)間窗的車輛優(yōu)化調(diào)度問(wèn)題 (VSPTW) ...................................... 9 時(shí)間窗的定義 ........................................................................... 9 VSPTW 問(wèn)題的結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................... 11 第 3 章 遺傳算法基本理論 .................................................................. 11 遺傳算法的基本原理 ............................................................... 11 遺傳算法的特點(diǎn) ............................................................. 12 遺傳算法的基本步驟和處理流程 ...................................... 12 遺傳算法的應(yīng)用 ............................................................. 13 編碼 ...................................................................................... 14 二進(jìn)制編碼 .................................................................... 14 Gray 編碼 ...................................................................... 15 實(shí)數(shù)向量編碼 ................................................................. 15 排列編碼 ....................................................................... 15 IV 適應(yīng)度函數(shù) ............................................................................ 15 目標(biāo)函數(shù)映射成適應(yīng)度函數(shù) ............................................. 16 適應(yīng)度定標(biāo) .................................................................... 16 遺傳算法的基因操作 ............................................................... 17 選擇算子 ....................................................................... 17 交叉算子 ....................................................................... 18 變異算子 ....................................................................... 21 遺傳算法控制參數(shù)設(shè)定 ............................................................ 24 第 4 章 遺傳算法求解有時(shí)間窗非滿載 VSP ........................................... 25 問(wèn)題描述 ................................................................................ 25 數(shù)學(xué)模型 ................................................................................ 25 一般 VSP 模型 ................................................................. 25 有時(shí)間窗 VSP 模型 .......................................................... 27 算法設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................ 27 算法流程圖 .................................................................... 27 染色體結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................... 27 約束處理 ....................................................................... 30 適應(yīng)度函數(shù) .................................................................... 31 初始種群 ....................................................................... 31 遺傳算子 ....................................................................... 31 控制參數(shù)和終止條件 ....................................................... 32 算法實(shí)現(xiàn) ................................................................................ 34 實(shí)驗(yàn)及結(jié)果分