【正文】
示。在自動(dòng)狀態(tài)下,達(dá)到定時(shí)時(shí)間后,電磁鐵自動(dòng)得電,稱重斗下料門關(guān)閉,輔助斗下料門完全開啟。 ( 2)小流量進(jìn)料階段 當(dāng)數(shù)字量信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換的實(shí)際重量等于提前重量值時(shí), PLC 發(fā)出指令使舵機(jī) 閥門 迅速旋轉(zhuǎn)到 90 度,并始終保持在這個(gè)角度,小流量指示燈亮,開始小流量進(jìn)給階段。 2.系統(tǒng)的工作過程 ( 1)大流量進(jìn)料階段 按下相應(yīng)按鈕后,進(jìn)料電動(dòng)機(jī)啟動(dòng),電磁鐵得電使稱重斗下料門閉合。 ( 3)報(bào)警功能 若實(shí)際重量大于稱重誤差最大值,則報(bào)警器開始報(bào)警,系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)停止運(yùn)行。 系統(tǒng)的組成 系統(tǒng)由進(jìn)料電動(dòng)機(jī)、出料電動(dòng)機(jī)、 PLC、稱重傳感器、稱重變送器、電磁鐵、舵機(jī)、指示燈、報(bào)警器、光電開關(guān)等組 成。 PLC 相比單片機(jī)具有高可靠性,易于開發(fā),擴(kuò)展性好,通訊簡(jiǎn)單的,這些優(yōu)點(diǎn)促使很多的設(shè)備生產(chǎn)廠家在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)選用 4 PLC 作為設(shè)備的控制器。它采用可編程序的存儲(chǔ)器,用來在其內(nèi)部存儲(chǔ)執(zhí)行邏輯運(yùn)算、順序控制、定時(shí)、計(jì)數(shù)和算術(shù)運(yùn)算等操作的指令,并通過數(shù)字式、模擬式的輸入和輸出,控制各種類型的生產(chǎn)過程。單片機(jī)有著體積小、功耗低、功能強(qiáng)、性能價(jià)格比高、易于推廣應(yīng)用等顯著優(yōu)點(diǎn),所以廣泛應(yīng)用于電子儀表、家用電器、節(jié)能裝置、機(jī)器人、工業(yè)控制等諸多領(lǐng)域,使產(chǎn)品小型化、 智能化,既提高了產(chǎn)品的功能和質(zhì)量,又降低了成本,簡(jiǎn)化了設(shè)計(jì)。 ( 1)單片機(jī)控制方案。電子衡器產(chǎn)品量大面廣、種類繁多,從通用的各種規(guī)格的電子稱到大型的電子稱重系統(tǒng),從單純的稱重、計(jì)價(jià)到生產(chǎn)過程檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)測(cè)量控制單元,其應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域不斷地?cái)U(kuò)大。 50 年代開始出現(xiàn)了以稱重傳感器為主的電子衡器。 近年來電子稱已愈來愈多地參與到數(shù)據(jù)的處理和控制過程中。 2. 稱重技術(shù)的發(fā)展概況和 趨勢(shì) 隨著第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮,為了把稱重技術(shù)引入到生產(chǎn)工藝過程中去,對(duì)稱重技術(shù)提出了新的要求,希望稱重過程自動(dòng)化,為此電子技術(shù)滲入衡器制造業(yè),產(chǎn)生了電子 稱。 缺陷三:缺少對(duì)生產(chǎn)過程的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控,使得整個(gè)工作過程都需要操作人員在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)督。生產(chǎn)線上的物料質(zhì)量都由工人師傅手動(dòng)控制。 關(guān)鍵詞: PLC,稱重傳感器, 報(bào)警器 ,光電開關(guān),遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控 II Production line automatic weighing control system ABSTRACT After automatic production line was applied to industry region, weighing device was not only a technique simplicity instrument to supply weight data, but also a part of industrial control system and supervisory system. The development of the production line of automatic weighing can advance the modernization of the automation and management of industrial production, reduce operating time, improve the operating conditions, reduce the consumption of energy and materials, improve product quality and strengthen enterprise management. The production line of automatic weighing control systems, PLC for the control of the core, weighing sensor to collect the live weight of the signal, the weight of the transmitter to the sensor signal isolation amplifier, and converted into standard signals of 010V, the EM235 module to the standard signal is converted to corresponds to the value. By actual weight and variable speed weight, target weight, pared to the size of the PWM pulses to control the rotation angle of the steering gear, which control the flow of cutting. The system use electromags to control the weighing bucket cutting door opening and closing, use the photoelectric switch to prevent the auxiliary bucket spillage, use the alarm to achieve alarm function. The entire control process is divided into manual operation and automatic operation. The system use threedimensional force control software to build the remote monitoring systems .it can display realtime, the monitoring system control level is higher than the level of site control. KEY WORDS: PLC, weigh sensor, alarm, photoelectric switch, remote monitoring III 目 錄 前 言 ....................................................................................................... 1 第 1 章 生產(chǎn)線自動(dòng)稱重系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) ............................................... 3 控制方案的選擇 ........................................................................ 3 系統(tǒng)的組成 ................................................................................ 4 稱重系統(tǒng)的功能和工作過程 ................................................... 4 第 2 章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 6 PLC 的選擇 ................................................................................. 6 PLC 選型的基本原則 ...................................................... 7 西門子 S7200 相關(guān) 模塊的確定 ................................... 8 稱重傳感器的選擇 .................................................................... 8 稱重傳感器類型的選擇 ................................................. 9 稱重傳感器選型的原則 ................................................. 9 托利多 MTB5 稱重傳感器 ..........................................11 稱重變送器的選擇 .................................................................. 12 稱重變送器的用途和特點(diǎn) ........................................... 12 AT10 模擬型稱重變送器 .............................................. 13 舵機(jī)的選擇 .............................................................................. 15 舵機(jī)的規(guī)格和選型 ....................................................... 16 MG955 舵機(jī) ................................................................... 16 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 .......................................................................... 17 電磁鐵的選擇 ........................................................................... 18 光電開關(guān)的選擇 ....................................................................... 19 電鈴的選擇 ............................................................................... 20 中間繼電器的選擇 ................................................................... 21 斷路器的選 擇 ......................................................................... 22 指示燈的選擇 ......................................................................... 22 主電路設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 23 控制電路的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................... 24 IV 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 27 S7200 PLC 的編程軟件 ......................................................... 27 資源分配 .................................................................................. 27 編寫程序 ................................................................................... 29 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 30 選擇組態(tài)軟件 ........................................................................... 30 構(gòu)建組態(tài)系統(tǒng) ........................................................................... 30 結(jié) 論 ..................................................................................................... 35 謝 辭 ....................................................................................................... 36 參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................