【正文】 心血管的危險(xiǎn)大于無骨質(zhì)疏松癥者。 Vitamin A amp。d) of retinoic palmic acid respectively through oral taking, the occurrence rate of abortion and abnormal embryos is progressively raised with the dose administered rises. The occurrence rates of abnormal embryos are 1/21 and 5/11 respectively at the dose of 6000 and 24000μgRE/(kg10Bacterial count(Number/g) ≤1000Mold and yeast count(Number/g) ≤100Escherichia coli(Number/g) Should not be detected[Content determination] Vitamin A Take out the content under the item of Content uniformity, determine it according to VA assay method (appendix Ⅶ J), and the average of contents in each pill is regarded as its content.Vitamin D Take out the content under the item of Content uniformity, and determine it according to VD assay method (appendix Ⅶ K). VD2 or VD3 used in the control should coincide with that labeled on the tag.16. Toxicological information Vitamin A① Acute toxicity: symptoms of acute VA toxicity include bellyache, anorexia, vomiting, blurring of vision, fussiness, headache, and fontanel protuberance of neonate and baby. The dose that may cause the acute toxicity is much more than 100000μgRE and 10000μgRE for adult and child respectively. Single dose of 750015000μgRE may lead to acute toxicity to babies under six months. A little elder baby (six or nine months old) may tolerate the dose of 30000μgRE.② Chronic and subchronic toxicity: The symptoms of chronic toxicity include dry skin, skin thickening, chapped lips, conjunctivitis, red maculae, hair loss, decline of bone density, arthrodynia, chronic headache, intracranial hypertension and liver toxicity.Occurrence and severity of the poisoning symptom depend on dosage, length of time and symptom itself. The destructive effects on eye, skeleton and liver are permanent, whereas many other symptoms are reversible. Toxic action occurs in adults after taking a replenishing dose of more than 750015000μgRE/d for several weeks, months or years. But the toxic action is detected also in some cases at a dose less than 15003000μgRE/d. The threshold value is influenced by existing illness, excessive drinking, therapeutic medications and dietary intakes. Serious intolerance to VA is also influenced by genetic factors, but details of this metabolic defect haven’t been clarified.Epidemiologic data shows that when dietary retinol intake is more than 1500μg/d, hipbone fracture attack rate in postmenopausal women will be doubled as pared with the intake dose of 500μg/d. Other epidemiologic researches supporting this view show that hipbone fracture attack rate is higher in Nordic countries, especially in Scandinavian Peninsula where more dietary intakes of retinol are observed. Hipbone fracture attack rate of Swedish men is higher than that of British and Swedish women. In βcarotene and retinol efficacy test (CARET), occurrence of lung cancer in male smokers and male asbestos workers would increase when they ingest jointly 7500μg of retinol and 30000μg of βcarotene. This test and ABTC research indicate that this effect is caused by βcarotene. A research about the chemical protection for workers exposed to blue asbestos revealed that 45 of 512 subjects who take a dose of 7500μgRE every day changed their treatment because of associated headache caused. Compared with isotretinoic acid treatment and the control, occurrence of skin cancer in subjects who take a dose of 7500μg retinol every day was increased moderately. In the chemical protection research, side effects are found in 45% of patients with lung cancer and cancers of head and neck who had been injected with a daily dose of 90000μgRE for one year, and then 45000μgRE for the next year after observation. These side effects include dry skin, pruritus, hemorrhage, and trichomadesis.Vitamin DExcessive intake of vitamin D could result in hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption and skeletal reabsorption, and causes calcium deposition in soft tissues, diffuse bone mineral loss as well as irreversible renal and cardiovascular toxicity. Vitamin D in granulomatous tissues could be unlimitedly transformed into its active form, so patients with sarcoidosis are exceptionally sensitive to Vitamin D. Sarcoidosis is unmon, but if patients take additional vitamin D, there will be a potential danger.It has been suggested that moderate dose of vitamin D could enhance the formation of renal calculi in susceptible individuals.There is no information for the parison of toxicity to the human body between vitamin D2 and vitamin D3.A lot of supplemental tests showed that there were no adverse effect