【正文】 調(diào)速系統(tǒng)。 智能循跡小車設(shè)計(jì)要求（1）自動(dòng)尋跡小車從安全區(qū)域啟動(dòng)。 智能循跡小車設(shè)計(jì)原理這里的循跡是指小車在黑色地板上循白線行走，通常采取的方法是紅外探測法。 本設(shè)計(jì)就采用了比較先進(jìn)的 80C51 為控制核心，80C51 采用 CHOMS 工藝，功耗很低。第三代單片機(jī)包括了 Intel 公司發(fā)展 MCS51 系列的新一代產(chǎn)品，如8ｘC152 ﹑80C51FA/FB﹑80C51GA/GB﹑8ｘC451﹑8ｘC452,還包括了Philips﹑Siemens﹑ADM﹑Fujutsu﹑OKI﹑HarriaMetra﹑ATMEL 等公司以 80C51 為核心推出的大量各具特色﹑與 80C51 兼容的單片機(jī)。本設(shè)計(jì)采用 MCS51 系列中的 80C51 單片機(jī)。本題目是結(jié)合科研項(xiàng)目而確定的設(shè)計(jì)類課題。Electricity motive small car.目 錄1 緒 論 ......................................................................................................................................3 本課題研究的背景和意義 ................................................................................................3 智能循跡小車設(shè)計(jì)原理 ....................................................................................................52 方案設(shè)計(jì)與論證 ......................................................................................................................5 直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng) ....................................................................................................................5 檢測系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................................................63 智能尋跡小車模塊設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................10 總體方案 ..........................................................................................................................10 傳感檢測單元 ..................................................................................................................11 小車循跡原理 ............................................................................................................11 傳感器的選擇及檢測電路設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................11 傳感器的安裝 ............................................................................................................12 軟件控制單元 ..................................................................................................................13 單片機(jī)選型及程序流程 ............................................................................................13 車速的控制 ................................................................................................................13 電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)單元 ............................................................................................................14 蜂鳴器電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................15 穩(wěn)壓電源設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................154 系統(tǒng)功能測試 ........................................................................................................................15 測試儀器及設(shè)備 ...............................................................................................................15 功能測試 ...........................................................................................................................155 結(jié)束語 ....................................................................................................................................17致 謝 ........................................................................................................................................18參考文獻(xiàn) ....................................................................................................................................19附 錄 ........................................................................................................................................201 相關(guān)芯片介紹 .....................................................................................................................20 單片機(jī)概述 ...................................................................................................................20 LM339 芯片介紹 ........................................................................................................24 L298N 芯片介紹 .........................................................................................................27 7805 芯片介紹 ............................................................................................................282 小車控制程序源代碼（C） ...............................................................................................301 緒 論 本課題研究的背景和意義隨著汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，關(guān)于汽車的研究也就越來越受人關(guān)注。ABSTRACT80C51 is a 8 bit single chip puter. Its easily using and multifunction suffer large users. This article introduces the CCUT graduation design with the 80C51 single chip puter. This design bines with scientific research object. This system regards the request of the topic, adopting 80C51 for controlling core, super sonic sensor for test the hinder. It can run in a high and a low speed or stop automatically. It also can record the time, distance and the speed or searching light and mark automatically the electric circuit construction of whole system is simple, the function is dependable. Experiment test result satisfy the request, this text emphasizes introduced the hardware system designs and the result analyze.The adoption of technique as:(1) Reduce the speed by program the engine；(2) Efficient application of the sensor。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，可靠性能高。摘 要80C51 單片機(jī)是一款八位單片機(jī)，他的易用