【正文】 ptively simple to use, but possess multivarious functions, such as clamping, turning over, lifting up, raking, stirring, scooping, poking, tearing, and so on. Chopsticks were taken as an auspicious mascot by ordinary people in ancient China. For example, the partial tone of chopsticks is often used by people as a metaphor at weddings to indicate a blessing or benediction for the couple to have a baby soon. Unlike using a knife and fork or one’s own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is what matters”. Chopsticks are highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient oriental civilization. 九、印章就是圖章。印章用朱色 鈐蓋，除日常應用外，又多用于書畫題識，逐漸成為中國特有的藝術形式之一。古人觀測朔望月，發(fā)現(xiàn)月亮圓缺12次大體上是一年的天數(shù)，而兩個朔望月約是60天。Chinese Era The Chinese era is the symbol that the Chinese calendar uses for recording and naming years. The ten Heavenly Stems are: jia, yi, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng, xin, ren, gui. The twelve Earthly Branches are: , yin, mou, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. After observing the lunar month, the ancients found that the moon always wazes and wanes roughly 12 times a year, and two lunar months account for about 60 days, so the order of the ten Heavenly Stems and the order of the twelve Earthly Branches are properly matched in turn. In terms of recording date, 60 years is considered to be a full time cycle. The Chinese era chronology was first invented in ancient times and is still in use now. according to the chronology of the “ten Heavenly Stems,” 2011 is the year of “the seventh of the ten Heavenly Stems” and “ the fifth of the twelve Earthly Branches”. 十一、京劇被譽為“東方歌劇”， 是地道的中國國粹。角色主要分生（男性）、旦（女性）、凈（男性）、丑（男性女性皆有）四大行當。道教主張“重人貴生”。無名天地之始；有名萬物之母。 The named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures, each after its kind. Truly, only he that rids himself forever of desire can see the secret essences。絕大多數(shù)的中國成語由四個漢字組成，例如：自強不息、青出于藍、厚積薄發(fā)。商周時期絲綢的生產(chǎn)技術就已發(fā)展到相當高的水平。 China is the home of silk. Mulberry planting, sericulture, silk reeling and thickening are all great inventions of the ancient Chinese. As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (1600BC256BC), the Chinese people’s silkweaving techniques had reached an extremely high level. During the Western Han Dynasty (206BC25AD), Zhang Qian, an outstanding diplomat, travelled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of Sinoforeign trade, exchange and munication. From then on, China’s silk became well known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and abundant culture connotations. Hitherto, Chinese silk has been accepted as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental civilization. 十五、中國園林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等與自然地貌有機結合的環(huán)境藝術，是我國古代建筑藝術的珍寶。 The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our ancient Chinese architecture. It is a kind of environment art, which systematically bines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape. The construction standard of a Chinese classical garden is “artificial as it is, the garden must look ingenious and natural.” When you go sightseeing in a Chinese classical garden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create