【正文】 of high technique a talented person, but the scarce thing of capability shall be washed out gradually. This pels people by means of study and cultivating, and continuously lifts individual’s quality. In The wake of the news dispatch and electric network and file transmission system development, business staff member is on duty in many being living inparably either the home. Having caused that corporation save the expenses enormously, the work efficiency obviously moves upward American Rank Zeros corporation the office system on the net, in the interest of the creativity of raise office personnel staff was produced the advantageous term. At the moment many countries are fermenting one kind of more welldeveloped manufacturing industry strategy, and bee quickly manufacturing the business. It pletely on the basis of the user requirement organization design together with manufacture, may carry on the largescale cooperation in the interest of identical produce by means of the business that the flow was shifted the distinct districts, and by means of the once more programming to the machinery with to the resources and the reorganization of personnel staff , constituted a fresh affrication system, and causes that manufacturing cost together with lot nearly have nothing to do with. Quickly manufacturing the business establishes a whole pletely new strategy dependence relation against consumer, and is able to arouse the structure of production once more revolution. The management information system is towards the selfadoption and Selflearning orientation development, the decision procedure of imitation man who is be able to be better. Some entrepreneurs of the west vainly hope that consummate MIS is encircles the magic drug to govern the business all kinds of diseases。 Yet also someone says, and what it is too many is dependent on the defeat that MIS be able to cause on the administration. It is adaptable each other to prehend the effect to the business of MIS, and is favor of us to be living in development and the research work, and causes the business organization and administer the better development against MIS of system and administration means , and establish more valid MIS. The Source Of Article： Russ Basiura, Mike Batongbacal管理信息系統(tǒng)管理信息系統(tǒng)就是我們常說的MIS(Management Information System), 在強(qiáng)調(diào)管理，強(qiáng)調(diào)信息的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中它變得越來越重要、越來越普及。20世紀(jì)50年代，西蒙提出管理依賴于信息和決策的思想。數(shù)據(jù)處理一詞已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。它能提供信息支持企業(yè)或組織的運(yùn)行、管理和決策功能。它設(shè)有1008個(gè)訂票點(diǎn)，可以存取600000個(gè)旅客記錄和27000個(gè)飛行段記錄。第三階段是狀態(tài)報(bào)告系統(tǒng)，它可以分成生產(chǎn)狀況報(bào)告、服務(wù)狀態(tài)報(bào)告和研究狀態(tài)報(bào)告等系統(tǒng)。因此同年IBM建立了先進(jìn)管理系統(tǒng)AAS,它能進(jìn)行450個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)的操作。最后的階段是決策支持系統(tǒng)，它是用來輔助決策的信息系統(tǒng)。管理信息系統(tǒng)起初應(yīng)用于最基礎(chǔ)的工作，如打印報(bào)表、計(jì)算工資、人事管等，進(jìn)而發(fā)展到企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)管理、庫存管理等單項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)管理，這屬于電子數(shù)據(jù)處理(EDP,Electroni9c Data Processing) 系統(tǒng)。在20世紀(jì)70年代初期，世界范圍內(nèi)有少數(shù)企業(yè)開始MIS的局部應(yīng)用。l 經(jīng)理通過MIS使其經(jīng)營計(jì)劃和具體的業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)聯(lián)系在一起。從國際技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)看，20世紀(jì)90年代出現(xiàn)了幾種全新的管理技術(shù)(BPR)一個(gè)企業(yè)應(yīng)該重視對(duì)時(shí)間、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、生產(chǎn)成本和技術(shù)服務(wù)等幾個(gè)部分的管理，把目前的機(jī)構(gòu)和過程重新組合，做到功能集成化、運(yùn)營過程化、機(jī)構(gòu)組織扁平化。管理信息系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展對(duì)企業(yè)和企業(yè)管理的變革產(chǎn)生了和正在產(chǎn)生著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。過去管理問題難以進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，而MIS則可以結(jié)合管理需要，提供充分的數(shù)據(jù)，為管理模擬創(chuàng)造條件。這是因?yàn)?，雖然中下層管理人員從繁瑣的事務(wù)性工作中解脫出來，但需要他們用更多的精力去分析研究工作，進(jìn)一步提高管理決策水平。美國蘭克敏捷制造企業(yè)與用戶建立一個(gè)完全嶄新的戰(zhàn)略依存關(guān)系，將會(huì)引起產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的又一次革命。文章的出處：《信息管理系統(tǒng)》，作者：Russ Basiura, Mike BatongbacalA introduction to Database Management SystemA database (sometimes spelled data base) is also called an electronic database , referring to any collection of data, or information, that is specially organized for rapid search and retrieval by a puter. Databases are structured to facilitate the storage, retrieval , modification, and deletion of data in conjunction with various dataprocessing operations .Databases can be stored on magnetic disk or tape, optical disk, or some other secondary storage device.A database consists of a file or a set of files. The information in these files may be broken down into records, each of which consists of one or more fields. Fields are the basic units of data storage , and each field typically contains information pertaining to one aspect or attribute of the entity described by the database . Using keywords and various sorting mands, users can rapidly search , rearrange, group, and select the fields in many records to retrieve or create reports on particular aggregate of data.Complex data relationships and linkages may be found in all but the simplest databases .The system software package that handles the difficult tasks associated with creating ,accessing, and maintaining database records is called a database management system(DBMS).The programs in a DBMS package establish an interface between the database itself and the users of the database.. (These users may be applications programmers, managers and others with information needs, and various OS programs.)A DBMS can organize, process, and present selected data elements form the database. This capability enables decision makers to search, probe, and query database contents in order to extract answers to nonrecurring and unplanned questions that aren’t available in regular reports. These questions might initially be vague and/or poorly defined ,but people can “browse” through the database until they have the needed information. In short, the DBMS will “manage” the stored data items and assemble the needed items from the mon database in response to the queries of those who aren’t programmers.A database management system (DBMS) is posed of three major parts:(1)a storage subsystem that stores and retrieves data in files。 they utilize their database systems to gain an edge over their petitors.The Database ModelA data model describes a way to structure and manipulate the data in a database. The structural part of the model specifies how data should be represented(such as tree, tables, and so on ).The manipulative part of the model specifies the operation with which to add, delete, display, maintain, print, search, select, sort and update the data.Hierarchical Model The first database management systems used a hierarchical modelthat isthey arranged records into a tree structure. Some records are root records and all others have uniq