【正文】 way of detecting counterfeit ponents. The counterfeiters have a very difficult time keeping the indents clean and consistent during their refinishing process. The pictures to follow are examples of what we have received in our warehouse and a small explanation of our observation follows. 在塑模過程中，大多數(shù)的塑料封裝IC集成電路都會做上模腔標(biāo)記。 Date codes that are not possible. ex. 0657 檢查是否出現(xiàn)不可能的生產(chǎn)日期代碼，例如，0657167。To begin inspecting ining electronic ponents we start with a visual inspection of all of the packaging. Some of the signs to look for are:在說明如何檢查采購回來的電子元件為仿冒元件之前，我們先了解如何目檢電子元件的封裝情況。另外，顯微鏡里應(yīng)內(nèi)設(shè)有照相機，這一點也很重要，因為檢測仿冒電子元件的某些過程要求檢測人員將相關(guān)照片發(fā)送至不同的資源團(tuán)隊，以便他們進(jìn)行評估。通常情況下，該類仿冒電子元件都是來自那些與我們長期合作的且聲譽良好的供應(yīng)商，但是，這些供應(yīng)商卻不曾受訓(xùn)過，也不曾打算做好檢測仿冒電子元件的準(zhǔn)備。 Detection of Counterfeit Electronic Components仿冒電子元件檢測It has bee necessary for all distributors of electronic ponents and manufacturers of electronic equipment to inspect all ining electronic ponents for authenticity. This document has been derived from years of inspections at our facility and recent involvement in industry mittees and symposiums related to the increase in counterfeit activity. Our goal with this document is to inform you how to detect counterfeit parts and be confident in your evaluation.對所有的電子元件經(jīng)銷商及電子設(shè)備制造商來說，檢查采購近來的電子元件的真實性已成為必然，至關(guān)重要。除去焊料和芯片后的線路板則被扔在一堆，以進(jìn)行露天焚燒。汕頭市貴嶼鎮(zhèn)距香港東北部只有幾個小時的車程。而其上級供應(yīng)商則是直接向PI提供（包括前面所說的部件，物料或組件的）產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)商。We are responsible to watch for any evidence of counterfeit parts and to inspect the assemblies that we purchase to determine if counterfeit parts have been used to plete any part of the assembly.PI有責(zé)任隨時留意并檢查所購買回來的電子組件，以確定電子產(chǎn)品的組裝過程中是否有用到這些仿冒電子組件。Counterfeit Parts AdvisoryPolytronix, Inc.仿冒電子元件公告This document contains information about Counterfeit Parts that may be available to be used in the Manufacture/Assembly of Products or Articles that are purchased by Polytronix, Inc.PI在電子產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)或組裝過程中可能會無意用到購買回來的仿冒電子元件，故本文特此對該類仿冒電子元件進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。Additionally Polytronix, Inc. has an obligation to flow down to our suppliers:另外，PI有義務(wù)將以下條款要求信息傳達(dá)給PI供應(yīng)商：1. The requirement that no counterfeit parts are to be used in any product or article delivered to Polytronix, Inc. to satisfy a purchase order or as a sample, representative of items that are purchased by Polytronix, Inc. in the future.供應(yīng)商不得以應(yīng)付PI的采購訂單或樣品訂單為由，而向PI提供任何含有仿冒電子組件的產(chǎn)品。4. If counterfeit parts are suspected or identified as a separate part or part of an assembly the parts or item must be immediately segregated and reported to management who will make assignments to resolve the questions. 如果某個獨立元件或組裝元件被鑒定為仿冒電子元件，則應(yīng)立即對此獨立元件或組件進(jìn)行隔離，并及時向上層管理匯報此問題，以便上層管理擬定措施解決此問題。該城市有5500家處理電子廢棄物的家庭工廠。What is a Counterfeit Electronic Component? …An Aerospace and Defense Equipment Manufacturer’s View那究竟何謂仿冒電子元件呢？以下為一航空及國防業(yè)專用電子設(shè)備廠商的觀點：? Counterfeiting often involves cases where parts are offered that present a risk both to the Government Equipment Manufacturer and to the Government user. Examples include …? 仿冒行為案例通常涉及到：所提供的元件或產(chǎn)品會給民用電子設(shè)備廠商和政府主體帶來風(fēng)險?；诒緩S多年來的電子元件檢測經(jīng)驗，以及近來就仿冒案例增加問題而開展的一系列專題討論會，特此擬定本公告，旨在告訴大家如何檢測出仿冒電子元件，在仿冒電子元件評估過程中樹立信心。We will start with the necessary tools to detect counterfeit or non conformant electronic ponents. You will need all of the standard tools for handling electrostatic sensitive parts. For the detection of counterfeits you will also need a microscope with at least 30X magnification. It is also important that you have a camera built into your microscope. Some of the processes of determining a counterfeit require you to send copies of photos to different resources for their evaluation. In addition to a microscope you will need a solvent to check for part marking permanence. Acetone is a mon chemical to determine if the part has been remarked, but a less harsh solvent is a bination of 3 parts mineral spirits and one part alcohol. This is the mixture that MILSTD883 (method ) requires part markings to withstand.在正式開始檢測仿冒電子元件或不合格電子元件之前，我們要先介紹下檢測過程中需要用到的工具。除了顯微鏡之外，還需要相應(yīng)的溶劑來檢查元件標(biāo)記的耐久性。以下為需要目檢的項目：167。 Date codes that are in the future 檢查生產(chǎn)日期代碼是否是將來的日期167。其中，部分為極性標(biāo)記，但是，其它的模腔則是在塑膜過程中產(chǎn)生的，屬于塑模過程的一部分。以下圖片為我們從供應(yīng)商那里收到的封裝IC芯片，旁邊的文字則是我們就檢測結(jié)果所做出的相應(yīng)解釋。其中一個模腔是圓弧形的，而其它的幾個模腔都是平的。Here is a close up of an indent that has been filled in with the “blacktopping” material. These indents are never partially made during the manufacturing process. They are uniform in depth throughout the circle. This particular one is filled to the edge on one side. 左圖為已用“瀝青”涂敷過的模腔的特寫鏡頭。The counterfeiters are slowly figuring out that we are catching their mistakes. We have started to see an attempt to visually add an indent so all of the parts look uniform. From a naked eye this indent looks like a regular indent. With the microscope it is easy to see that they have etched a circle to create the appearance of a normal indent. 仿冒者已逐漸了解到我們在捕捉他們的錯誤。We are assured by the manufacturers that we speak with that they are very strict with their standards when manufacturing parts. Paint in the indents is not where it is intended, therefore it is suspect counterfeit. 相關(guān)廠商向我們保證說，在生產(chǎn)IC芯片時，他們對各方面的要求是相當(dāng)嚴(yán)格的。其中，一個模腔比上圖里的大，而另一個模腔卻不存在。其實，真正IC芯片背面的模腔標(biāo)記圖案也不一樣，但是這些標(biāo)記圖案都會遵循某個特定的樣式。Countries of Origin原產(chǎn)地Most parts, which are large enough to write a country of origin, display where it was manufactured somewhere on the part. It is monly placed in the indents, but it can be written anywhere on the part. Smaller parts often have codes within the lot codes for country of origin information, which makes it difficult to use as a deciding factor. We have done investigations with the ponent manufacturers and all of them we have spoken to say that a part with the same lot code as another cannot be manufactured in different countries. See the pictures to follow for examples. 大多數(shù)的IC芯片都有足夠的空間來標(biāo)注上原產(chǎn)地，以表明該芯片產(chǎn)于何地。具體案例請見以下圖片。在接下來的“IC芯片表面紋理/質(zhì)地”章節(jié)中，將對該“瀝青”問題進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。封裝IC芯片離模時，其表面會形成一定的紋理。但是通過顯微鏡細(xì)微觀察，我們就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，有許多標(biāo)記可以用來辨別電子元件的真?zhèn)巍囊陨蠄D片，我們是很難看出仿冒IC芯片和真正IC芯片的不同之處。上面的