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“雙倍賠償制度”的缺陷及“超額遞減賠償制度”的建立-wenkub

2023-04-29 13:57:59 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 費(fèi)者遭損害的民事權(quán)益,降低維權(quán)成本,提高消費(fèi)者維權(quán)意識(shí),可以說(shuō)在這之前沒(méi)有任何一項(xiàng)制度對(duì)民眾有如此明顯的喚醒私權(quán)意識(shí)的作用;同時(shí),“退一賠一”制度也使不法商家進(jìn)行欺詐經(jīng)營(yíng)的成本增加,預(yù)期利益降低,在一定程度上遏制了違法經(jīng)營(yíng)行為。Abstract The system to Return one and Compensate one has no obvious binding force to the small sum cheat consumption action because of its proper blemish. It can39。它不僅不能保護(hù)消費(fèi)者的大量小額權(quán)益,激勵(lì)消費(fèi)者與不法經(jīng)營(yíng)作斗爭(zhēng),反而誘導(dǎo)了商家從事不法經(jīng)營(yíng)的機(jī)會(huì)主義行為。這是法律制度資源的巨大浪費(fèi)。t not only protect the large quantity small sum rights of the consumers, and encourage the consumers to make the conflict with the illegal proprietors, on the contrary, it induces the opportunism behavior of illegal operating. This is a huge waste of the law system resource. It is extremely necessary to design the validity law relief in the small sum advantages and disadvantages relation field. It has the important meaning to protect the consumer rights pletely and maintain market economy rule in gear by establishing the system to pensate in descent by excess instead of the system to Return one and Compensate one.關(guān)鍵詞:退一賠一制度 超額遞減賠償制度 法經(jīng)濟(jì)分析一、“退一賠一制度”的積極作用長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),我國(guó)民法理論關(guān)于民事責(zé)任主要是傾向補(bǔ)償為主原則(懲罰性違約金除外),不論是違約責(zé)任還是侵權(quán)責(zé)任,一般堅(jiān)持“損失多少賠多少”的原則。 二、“退一賠一制度”的缺陷誠(chéng)然,“退一賠一制度”對(duì)于維護(hù)市場(chǎng)的正常秩序,保護(hù)消費(fèi)者的合法權(quán)益起到了積極的作用。如果協(xié)商不成,通過(guò)訴訟途徑來(lái)解決,那消費(fèi)者付出的代價(jià)可能會(huì)是訴訟標(biāo)的金額的幾倍、十倍、百倍,甚至賣(mài)了房子丟了工作① 童大煥:“贏了官司輸了錢(qián)”現(xiàn)象,中國(guó)青年報(bào),2002—03—20?!霸A爭(zhēng)終兇,古有明訓(xùn)。中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化觀念對(duì)消費(fèi)者的影響是比較深的,因此,受害的消費(fèi)者
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