【正文】 賓補(bǔ) rades wanted Dr. Bethune to take cover.3. He boiled the egg hard. 她將雞蛋煮老了。 named the child Jimmy. 他們將孩子命名為吉米。The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings.Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困，就去睡了。補(bǔ)語（plement）是一種補(bǔ)足主語和賓語的意義的句子成分。直接賓語一般指動(dòng)作的承受者，間接賓語指動(dòng)作所向的或所為的人和物（多指人），具有這種雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞叫做與格動(dòng)詞(dative verb), 常用的有：answer, bring, buy, do, find, get, give, hand, keep, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, promise, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take 等，間接賓語一般須與直接賓語連用，通常放在直接賓語之前。（名詞化的分詞）（副詞）2．They won’t hurt us. 他們不會傷害我們。四．賓語（short , loose , wild , cold 等）Keep 。1．Our dream has e true. 我的夢想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。e , go , run, turn ,get , bee , keep , stay , make (表變化的動(dòng)詞)11．This is where I first met her. 這就是我初次與她會面的地方。（介詞短語）（過分）7．Complimenting（贊美，祝賀） is lying. 恭維就是說謊。（不定式）4．Are you busy? 你有空嗎？（形容詞）2．So that’s that. 就是這樣?？梢宰鞅碚Z的詞有：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語、從句等。表語的功能是表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。（gave a sigh 代替了sighed）如：(3). You can do it if you try hard. 你努力就可以做到。1．由簡單的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成。二．謂語你無論什么時(shí)候準(zhǔn)備好都行。從延安到南泥灣要三個(gè)小時(shí)。殘疾人將得到更多的救濟(jì)金?？措娪笆菢肥?， 制作影片則是苦事。8． 動(dòng)名詞用作主語。我們必須承受人生之沉浮。Carefully does it. 小心就行。Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。1． 主語：主語(subject) 是一個(gè)句子的主題( theme)， 是句子所述說的主體。1．名詞作主語。)He told a joke but it fell flat. (他說了個(gè)笑話，但沒有引人發(fā)笑Four from seven leaves three. 7減4余3。The idle are forced to work. 懶漢被迫勞動(dòng)。5．副詞用作主語。It would be nice to see him again.如：Smoking is bad for you. 吸煙對你有害。10. 介詞短語用作主語。謂語(predicate) 或謂語動(dòng)詞(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主語之后。(3). The plane took off at ten o’clock. 飛機(jī)是十點(diǎn)起飛的。(1). I am reading. 我在看書。(1). I had a swim yesterday. 我昨天游了一次水（had a swim 代替了swam）(4). I got a good 。它也可以說是一種主語補(bǔ)語。（代詞）5．Are you there? 你在聽嗎？（電話用語）（副詞）My answer to his threat（威脅） was to hit him on the nose.（動(dòng)名詞）I’m very pleased with what he has done. 我對他所做的很滿意。The show is from seven till ten. 演出時(shí)間為7點(diǎn)至10點(diǎn)。（從句）fell，sound ,smell , look , taste （感觀動(dòng)詞）（Come后常加 easy ,loose natural 等）4．A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is.賓語（object）在句中主要充當(dāng)動(dòng)作的承受者，因此一般皆置于及物動(dòng)詞之后?？梢杂米髻e語的有：名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞化的分詞、從句等。（代詞）4．I shall do my possible. 我將盡力而為。6．Does she really mean to leave home? 她真的要離開家嗎？（不定式）8．Do you understand what I mean? 你明白我的意思嗎？（從句）如：I have found him a place. 我給他找到了一個(gè)職位。補(bǔ)足主語意義的句子成分叫做主語補(bǔ)語（subject plement）,補(bǔ)足賓語意義的句子成分叫做賓語補(bǔ)語（object plement）.那人不可置疑地殘酷，不聽取他們的懇求。（名詞用作并與補(bǔ)語）（形容詞用作賓語補(bǔ)語）同志們要白求恩大夫隱蔽一下。’t take his kindness for 。可用作定語的有：形容詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、介詞短語、從句和句子等。（1）. She is a natural musician. 她是一位天生的音樂家。如（4）. A fool’s paradise 夢幻的天堂（物主代詞用作定語）3．?dāng)?shù)詞作定語現(xiàn)在就干吧，你可能再沒有機(jī)會了。the room above 樓上的房間 the world today 今日世界A walking stick 拐杖 sleeping pills 安眠藥a retired worker 一個(gè)退休工人 a faded flower 一朵謝了的花8．從句用作定語，即定語從句我在外面看見你的汽車了，它給另一輛車撞了。（2）。They two went, we three stayed ，我們?nèi)齻€(gè)留了下來。（1）。The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.The city of Rome 羅馬城 the art of writing 寫作藝術(shù)The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.狀語（adverbial）是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分。2．可用作狀語的有副詞、名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語、從句等。Naturally we expect hotel guests to lock their doors.（1）。(2).地點(diǎn)狀語，多置于句末，有時(shí)也位于句首和句中。（3）。I eat potatoes because I like them.She spoke so softly that I couldn’t hear what she said.(8).程度狀語。To what extent would you trust them? 你對他們信任程度如何？The sun rises in the east. (名詞)He likes dancing. (代詞)Twenty years is a short time in history. (數(shù)詞)Seeing is believing. (動(dòng)名詞)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主語從句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主語，主語從句是真正主語)二、謂語（predicate）:說明主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。He was elected monitor.She was found singing in the next room.He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 六、定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。分析下列句子的句子結(jié)構(gòu)10. He gave his son some advice on reading.11. Read me the first paragraph.12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.13. He began leaning English ten years ago.14. My being late worried my teacher.15. The president himself would visit our school.16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.18. I got it back at once.19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.