【正文】 t bee popular in . until after the Civil War because______. A. the country was free of a servant class B. former slaveholders did not want to pay the help C. northern industrialists refused to adopt the European fashionD. tipping was contradictory to the American custom3. Tipping is universally accepted mainly because_______.A. it is an easy way to make moneyB. it ensures people a good and prompt serviceC. it enables the service class to be free from taxesD. it supplies the service class with a sort of reliable ine 4. Which of the following words can best describe the government officials’ attitudes towards the tipping system?A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent.5. The passage is about_______.A. the origin of tipping B. the practice of tipping in C. the popularity of tipping D. the shaping of the tipping systemPassage 9Learning how to write is like taking a course in public speaking. I’d ask whether anyone in class had ever taken such a course. Invariably a few hands would go up.“What did you learn in that course?” I’d ask.“Well, the main thing was learning how to face an audience… not to be inhibited (拘謹(jǐn)；抑制) …not to be nervous…”Exactly, when you take a course in public speaking nowadays, you don’t hear much about grammar and vocabulary. Instead, you’re taught how not to be afraid or embarrassed, how to speak without a prepared script, how to reach out to the live audience before you. Public speaking is a matter of overing your longstanding nervous inhibitions.It is the same in writing. The point of the whole thing is to overe your nervous inhibitions, to break through the invisible barrier that separates you from the person who’ll read what you wrote. You must learn to sit in front of your typewriter or dictating machine and reach out to the person at the other end of the line.Of course, in public speaking, with the audience right in front of you, the problem is easier. You can look at them and talk to them directly. In writing, you’re alone. It needs an effort of yourexperience or imagination to take hold of that other person and talk to him or her. But that effort isnecessary or at least it’s necessary until you’ve reached the point when you quite naturally and unconsciously “talk on paper.”1. The main task of a public speech course is to ________.teach spokenlanguage experienceteach how to use gestures to assist speechhelp the learners overe nervousnessteach how to control the volume of the speaker’s voice2. Learning how to write is similar to learning how to speak in public in that a writer should ___________.overe his or her nervousness in the first placewatch his or her grammar and vocabularycollect a lot of data before writingtake hold of a reader and talk to him or her before writing3. In the author’s opinion_________.writing needs more experience and skill than public speakingboth writing and public speaking require effortwriting is imaginativepublic speaking is not so natural as writing4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?Not many students feel the need to learn public speakingTraining is necessary before you can speak with scriptIn public speaking, the audience are more nervous than the speakerWriting is just like making a public speech on paper5. This selection is mainly about learning how to _______.make a public speechtalk on paperbehave properly in public speechexpress strong emotion on paperPassage 10In the modern technological world the sea offers many resources to help mankind survive. Resources on land are beginning to grow less. The sea, however, still offers hope to supply many of man’s needs.The riches of the sea yet to be developed by man’s technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, nickel and copper and so on exist on the ocean floor, ready to be mined.Fish farming promises to be a good way to produce large quantities of food. The culture of fish and shellfish is an ancient skill practiced in the past mainly by Oriental peoples.Besides oil and gas, the sea may offer new sources of energy. Experts believe that the warm temperature of the ocean can be used in a way similar to the steam in a steamship. Ocean currents and waves offer possible use as a source of energy such as hydroelectric power.Technology is enabling man to explore ever deeper under the sea. The new undersea technology is providing divers with diving suits and undersea chambers that are kept at sea level pressure. The development of strong, new materials has made this possible.The technology to harvest the sea continues to improve. By the year 2000, experts believe that the problems to exploit the food, minerals, and energy sources of the sea will be largely solved.1. What is the best title for the passage?A. Needs of .Man B. Sources of..Energy C. Sea Harvest D. Sea Exploring Technology2. According to the author, technology for exploring the sea is important because______.man cannot travel farther into spaceresources on land are running shortit’s a lot of fun diving into the seaancient people used to explore the sea3. Why does the author mention a steamship?To indicate that it is warmer in the ocean than on land.To show that a steamship is better than other kinds of ship.To argue that man should use steamships more than other means of transportation.To illustrate that man can make use of sources of energy from the sea.4. It can be inferred from the passage that_______.man hasn’t pletely developed the riches of the seatechnology for exploring the sea has been solvedplanting rice in the sea will be made possible in a short timein the near future man can live on the ocean floor5. The word “exploit” in the last paragraph could best be replac