考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作技巧講義-wenkub
2023-04-19 01:30:09 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 成績(jī)。臨近考試，可以按照規(guī)定時(shí)間寫(xiě)作，此時(shí)寫(xiě)作的題目要廣泛，各種話題都要寫(xiě)一些，以增強(qiáng)適應(yīng)性。寫(xiě)作水平的提高還是要靠親自動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)，多寫(xiě)多練，把學(xué)到的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用在寫(xiě)作中去。 （３） 出題形式趨于多樣化 １９９１年至１９９６年的作文題一直呈一種模式，直到１９９７年才被打破。考題特點(diǎn)：（１） 作文選材均為熱門(mén)話題并貼近生活作文選題范圍均為當(dāng)今社會(huì)的熱門(mén)話題，從電視廣告到希望工程，從父母與子女的關(guān)系到擁有健康的重要性，從世界煙民現(xiàn)狀到近年盛行一時(shí)的“承諾”，環(huán)境保護(hù)，無(wú)不反映了當(dāng)前公眾最為關(guān)注的事。要求內(nèi)容切題，表達(dá)清楚，意義連貫，語(yǔ)言比較規(guī)范。他們一寫(xiě)作文，就感到腦子空空，不知如何下筆，寫(xiě)起來(lái)也是想到哪兒，寫(xiě)到哪兒，有時(shí)還東拼西湊，因而寫(xiě)作文時(shí)，常常是低水平上的重復(fù)，提高不快。究其原因，造成寫(xiě)作困難的因素很多，根據(jù)我們對(duì)考生的了解, 可歸結(jié)為以下兩個(gè)主要方面。 第一，在外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)五項(xiàng)能力——聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)、譯——的訓(xùn)練方面，學(xué)生從中學(xué)到大學(xué)在聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀三項(xiàng)能力方面得到的訓(xùn)練比較多，而在寫(xiě)的能力上得到的培養(yǎng)最少， 有時(shí)最基本的寫(xiě)句訓(xùn)練都是靠做選擇項(xiàng)的形式來(lái)完成的，很少有真正動(dòng)手寫(xiě)的機(jī)會(huì)；因而很多學(xué)生在做語(yǔ)法題或改錯(cuò)時(shí)有敏銳的辨別力，能夠找出很復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，可是一旦自己真正動(dòng)筆寫(xiě)，卻錯(cuò)誤多得不得了，而且很多都是最簡(jiǎn)單最基本的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。如果能了解和學(xué)習(xí)一些英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作知識(shí)，加上適當(dāng)?shù)闹笇?dǎo)和訓(xùn)練，寫(xiě)作水平會(huì)很快得到提高。 根據(jù)大綱的要求，考生要想在短文寫(xiě)作中取得高分，首先要具備兩方面的英語(yǔ)基本功：一是較強(qiáng)的句子表達(dá)水平，句子要寫(xiě)正確、表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確到位，要有一定的英語(yǔ)修辭知識(shí)。（２） 文體多為說(shuō)明文與議論文說(shuō)明文和議論文用途較廣，我們平時(shí)接觸的文章、報(bào)紙、信件等等多為這兩種體裁。這一變革顯示了國(guó)家教委對(duì)提高考生的實(shí)際運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言能力的重視，同時(shí)也要求考生要在多寫(xiě)多練上下功夫，這樣才能在作文考試中奪取高分?？忌梢詤⒖家韵路椒ㄟM(jìn)行寫(xiě)作練習(xí)。3． 寫(xiě)作時(shí)可以多查字典，不看范文。考研短文寫(xiě)作的基本模式(朱泰祺)（一）議論文(1)It is generally believed that . . is a hot topic which is widely talked about both at home and abroad .Now our government attaches great importance to solving this problem. Scientists in this field have put forward a number of suggestions tending to relieve it. To begin with, we should . . Furthermore, . . It is clear that . . People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people think that . . According to them, all of us should . . Others argue that . . In their opinion, nobody can . . without . . There is no doubt that . . As a consequence . . In short, I firmly support the view that. . It is because. . So my conclusion is that . . (107 words) (2)There is no denying the fact that … is popular topic which is much talked about not only by …, but also by … It is generally thought that … The reasons for … are as follows. To begin with, … Secondly , … Therefore, we should attach great significance to solving the problem.There are , I think ,at least two possible ways to cope with it .The first way to tackle it is to appeal to the authorities to take drastic measures to (do) … The other policy that is worth adopting is to work out new regulations to (do) … Only in this way can we succeed in dealing with the problem in the near future.To conclude ,it seems obvious … So the prospect we are looking forward to will be both bright and encouraging.(127 words)（二）圖表作文As is shown in the table (or in the pictures) , … dropped from … in 1996 .According to the figures given in the table, … has greatly increased ( or decreased ) in the past … years ( or decades ), reaching … in the table we can also see that there has been a sharp decline (
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