【正文】
w? ? What’s the difference between public law and private law? I . foreignrelated Civil ( Commercial ) legal relations (case1) involving foreign elements: 1. Subject 2. Object 3. Cause II. The mean of “foreign”: 1. internation 2. interregion (法域 legal unit具有獨特法律制度的區(qū)域) Section 2 The definition of private international law ? Imagine: ? If a private relationship is added foreign elements ,what would be go on ? I . The causes of conflict of laws 1. Different states have different regulations on the same issue. (EX) 2. More and more foreignrelated civil or mercial legal relations have been established among states. 3. On certain conditions, one state admits the extraterritorial validity of foreign regulations. (EX) ——the most important ? The conflict of laws between extraterritorial effect and intraterritorial effect Ⅱ . Methods of adjusting 1. Indirect Regulating Method 糾紛 → 沖突法 → 準(zhǔn)據(jù)法 (EX) 2. Direct Regulating Method 糾紛 → 統(tǒng)一實體法 ↙ ↘ international international Convention custom 教參 P2223 ? 思考題: ? 試分析直接調(diào)整方法和間接調(diào)整方法的優(yōu)缺點? ? 間接調(diào)整方法 是國際私法重要的獨特的調(diào)整方法, 優(yōu)點 是比較概括、具有靈活性。 ? 缺陷是 ( 1)其間接性決定了其不夠明確,缺乏預(yù)見性;( 2)在實際運用中會受到與沖突規(guī)范相聯(lián)系的整套法律制度,如反致(轉(zhuǎn)致)、法律規(guī)避和公共秩序保留、外國法律內(nèi)容的查明等限制,從而不同程度上削弱了沖突規(guī)范的效力。( 3)許多條約并不排除當(dāng)事人另行選擇法律的權(quán)利。 1804年 《 法國民法典 》就是這一立法模式的典型代表。即在個別單行法規(guī)中,就某個方面的涉外民商事問題制定有關(guān)法律適用的規(guī)范。 公元 7世紀(jì)中葉,中國唐代的 《 永徽律 》 ? (2) 14th century—18th century ? 雛形階段 ? 從 14世紀(jì)開始,歐洲大陸根據(jù)巴托魯斯的“