【正文】 。 （二）技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘對(duì)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的消極影響 增加貿(mào)易成本，造成貿(mào)易障礙 技術(shù)壁壘對(duì)企業(yè)的最大影響是成本升高， 50%以上的企業(yè)認(rèn)為技術(shù)壁壘導(dǎo)致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不斷提高，增加成本。 由于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘具有隱蔽性、歧視性、廣泛性等特點(diǎn)且相互混雜，致使我國(guó)同貿(mào)易對(duì)象國(guó)之間難以協(xié)調(diào)，爭(zhēng)端不斷，嚴(yán)重影響了我國(guó)同對(duì)象國(guó)的貿(mào)易關(guān)系。 制約我國(guó)產(chǎn)品的出口 技術(shù)壁壘較易被貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義所利用，成為其限制進(jìn)口的重要手段之一。 受影響地區(qū)范圍廣，各地受影響程度不平衡 按 分地區(qū)調(diào)查顯示，除西藏等極少地區(qū)，各省市的外經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展均受到國(guó)外技術(shù)壁壘的影響，且影響程度不平衡。而二 OO 三年，廣東省企業(yè)出口產(chǎn)品因不符合技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而遭遇退貨的數(shù)量比上年增加了百分之六十。目前，美、日、歐盟是我國(guó)最大的三個(gè)貿(mào)易伙伴，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，包括經(jīng)香港的轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易在內(nèi)，我國(guó)出口商品近 75%銷往美、日、歐盟等 國(guó)家或地區(qū)，而這三大經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體也是實(shí)施技術(shù)貿(mào)易壁壘的積極倡導(dǎo) 7 者，絕大多數(shù)技術(shù)貿(mào)易壁壘措施發(fā)源于這三大經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體。 其中包括我國(guó)的技術(shù)法規(guī)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和認(rèn)證體系還不健全，缺乏對(duì)國(guó)外技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘情況的研究，缺乏權(quán)威性的技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘信息與管理機(jī)構(gòu)，缺乏對(duì)國(guó)外技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的預(yù)警和爭(zhēng)端處理機(jī)制和手段。并且發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家所采取的技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘有 不斷調(diào)高和提高技術(shù)要求的趨勢(shì)。 四、 我國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的對(duì)策 沖破技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的限制，關(guān)鍵在于提高我國(guó)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和檔次，要用高新技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，提升我國(guó)出口產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)含量，發(fā)展擁有自己的核心技術(shù)，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和升級(jí)，多層次、全方位、寬領(lǐng)域開拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。 建立技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的保護(hù)體系，建立預(yù)警和快速反應(yīng)機(jī)制 鑒于貿(mào)易技術(shù)壁壘影響大，涉及面廣，一旦某國(guó)采取措施將會(huì)對(duì)其他國(guó)家的某些商品的出口造成重大損失，各國(guó)都非常重視。各國(guó)的世貿(mào)組織技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘咨詢點(diǎn)，既要向世貿(mào)組織總部進(jìn)行通報(bào)，同時(shí)，又可從總部獲取來自其它國(guó)家相應(yīng)的通報(bào)。現(xiàn)在沿海地區(qū)的省份及各大城市大多建立了世貿(mào)組織技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘咨詢中心，這就使我們能夠及時(shí)了解這方面的信息。 發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)，提高自身水平 加快技術(shù)發(fā)展步伐，提高自身的技術(shù)水平，注重科技創(chuàng)新， 開發(fā)自己的核心技術(shù)，優(yōu)化商品出口結(jié)構(gòu)。 積極采用國(guó)際貿(mào)易中的質(zhì)量保證體系認(rèn)證、產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證 企業(yè)生產(chǎn)必須加快采用先進(jìn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接軌，因?yàn)楸Ｗo(hù)消費(fèi)者的 利益是當(dāng)今趨勢(shì)，今后的產(chǎn)品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尤其是國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將會(huì)越來越嚴(yán) 。 12 參 考 文 獻(xiàn) [1] 馮宗憲 , 柯大綱 .， 開放經(jīng)濟(jì)下的國(guó)際貿(mào)易壁壘 ， 北京 : 經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)出版社 ,2022 [2] 周道坤 ， 中國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織帶來的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn) ， 重慶 : 重慶出版社 ,2022 [3] 李志軍 ， 怎樣打造 技術(shù)壁壘 的矛與盾 ， 北京：經(jīng)濟(jì)日?qǐng)?bào)出版社， 2022 [5] 王志明，袁建新 ， 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘的影響及中國(guó)的對(duì)策 [J] ， 世界經(jīng)濟(jì)， 2022,(07) [6] 司法部法規(guī)教育司，《 WTO 爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制規(guī)則、程序與實(shí)踐》 ，法律出版社， 2022 年 [7] 張海東 ， 技術(shù)性貿(mào)易壁壘形成機(jī)制分析 ， 《財(cái) 貿(mào)經(jīng)濟(jì)》 ， 2022 年第 3 期 13 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?！ Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the sevenday Chinese 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。。?National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may bee more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare without careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and acmodation prices, with the possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also mon that you39。s misery, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creating the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BCAD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulang and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposite sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the Begging for Skills Festival or Daughters39。s Day! in shops, hotels and 14 restaurants. But few young women will mark the festival with their boyfriends, or take part in traditional activities to pray for cleverness. A largescale of exhibition on the Silk Road opened to the public in the National Museum on Thursday. The exhibition displays more than 400 treasures from Shaanxi province, Gansu province and 14 other regions. It is largest scale exhibition that shows the history of the Silk Road in recent years. As APEC is going on in Beijing, the exhibit aims to show the world this brilliant section of history. The Silk Road is a series of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent. It connected the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China and India to th