研究設計之測量-wenkub
2022-10-09 17:16:53 本頁面
【正文】 ndplace finishers in elections for the chief executive office has received at least 25 percent of the vote at least once in the past eight years To operationalize your concepts is arbitrary, but you have to make some justification if not based on mon literature or policy. 指標化：例子 Social Status Education Ine Occupation Numbers of school years pleted Cross family ine last year Blue collar, white collar, or professional Political Participation Voting Campaign contribution Attend political rally ―Did you vote in the last…‖ ―Did you contribute to …‖ ―Have you attended a …‖ Concept Variable Operational Definition In the sample article? Communication Performance Conceptualization Nominal Definition (Variables) Operational Definition (Indicators) Instrumentation External Communication Performance Reverse: 從問題 /數(shù)據(jù)到概念？ ? ―How many times a week do you drink an alcoholic beverage?‖ 1. None 2. 1~2 3. 3~5 4. 5~7 5. 7~10 6. 10 ? Percentage of a nation’s population that is literate ? ―I often feel lonely‖ 1. agree 2. disagree ? ―number of hours of sleep each night‖ ? ―number of trips taken abroad each year by presidents‖ 指標與概念的不完全契合 概念 指標 2 指標 3 指標 5 指標 4 指標 1 Level of Measurement 1. ―How many times a week do you drink an alcoholic beverage?‖ 1. 1. None 2. 1~2 3. 3~5 4. 5~7 5. 7~10 6. 10 2. ―How many times a week do you drink an alcoholic beverage?‖ _____ 3. ―Do you think you are addicted to alcohol? 1. Yes 2. No 4. ―I am alcoholic.‖ 1. Strongly agree 2. Agree 3. Neutral 4. Disagree 5. Strongly Disagree Precision/Level of Measurement ? Nominal Measures（ 定類） exhaustive and mutual exclusive categories。 the zero point has a true meaning (absence of the characteristic being measured) Level of Measurement Level of Measurement 選擇測量層次 ? 如果可能，選擇定比 /定距 ? 受其他因素影響 – 變量本身的特點 – 敏感性（如收入） –
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