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智能應(yīng)急照明系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)_畢業(yè)論文-wenkub

2022-09-11 06:13:12 本頁面
 

【正文】 并分析每個(gè)模塊所要完成的功能。應(yīng)急燈的狀態(tài)采集由單片機(jī)完成。主 控制用 MCS51 單片機(jī)作微處理器,應(yīng)急燈單元也用 MCS51 系列單片機(jī)作微處理器。 常明應(yīng)急疏散標(biāo)志燈的工作原理:如果市電電壓正常,則狀態(tài)指示燈綠燈、充電狀態(tài)燈 (紅燈 )亮,故障指示燈滅,控制電路控制開關(guān)電源給 LED 燈供電,保持疏散顯示正常,同時(shí)控制電路檢測(cè)市電電壓、電池電壓和光源,提供充電回路給蓄電池進(jìn)行慢速充電;如果慢速充電完成,則充電指示紅燈滅。自帶電源型自帶備用蓄電池,平時(shí)由市電供電,只有當(dāng)市電電源切斷時(shí),備用電源自動(dòng)投入運(yùn)行;集中電源型單個(gè)本身不帶電源,市電故障時(shí),由專用集中式應(yīng)急電源供電。設(shè)計(jì)安全性能更好、穩(wěn)定性更高的消防應(yīng)急燈控制芯片是必然的趨勢(shì)。 課題意義及其目的 據(jù)權(quán)威人士估計(jì),全國(guó)應(yīng)急燈一年的市場(chǎng)總需求量大概在 4 億左右。國(guó)家對(duì)消防應(yīng)急燈具有完整的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn) (GBl79452020),要求應(yīng)急燈具具備完善的 應(yīng)急 轉(zhuǎn)換、充電保護(hù)和故障檢測(cè)、保護(hù)和顯示等功能,這要求有當(dāng)數(shù)量的分離元件,同時(shí)對(duì)單個(gè)元件的特性要求也較高。 相關(guān)技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì) 目前蓄電池供電方式主要采用如下兩種形式:一種是獨(dú)立式供電,每個(gè)應(yīng)急燈無錫科技職業(yè)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 智能應(yīng)急燈系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 3 自帶備用蓄電池,平時(shí)由市電供電,只有當(dāng)市電電源切斷時(shí),備用電源才自動(dòng)投入運(yùn)行;另一種是采用集中式供電,每個(gè)應(yīng)急燈本身不帶電源,市電故障時(shí),由專用集中式應(yīng)急電源供電。我國(guó)起步較晚,但近年來發(fā)展也很快。 消防應(yīng)急燈具作為一種重要的消防器材,廣泛應(yīng)用于賓館、商場(chǎng)、娛樂場(chǎng)所等公眾聚集場(chǎng)所,其功能是這些場(chǎng)所發(fā)生火災(zāi)斷電后,應(yīng)急燈具自動(dòng)照明,引導(dǎo)被困人員疏散。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的智能應(yīng)急燈主要用于消防領(lǐng)域。 單片機(jī)因?yàn)槠湫阅苁址€(wěn)定、適應(yīng)能力強(qiáng),并且開發(fā)價(jià)格低廉、門檻低,非常適用于工業(yè)控制中。廣泛用在在各種控制電路中用來完善電路的控制功能。在軟件設(shè)計(jì)方面,分析了控制器的工作邏輯,畫出了系統(tǒng)主程 序框圖和電池開路、短路及正常狀態(tài)分析流程圖。該設(shè)計(jì)以 MCS51 單片機(jī)為核心,符 合消防應(yīng)急燈具國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn) GBl79452020。論文首先分析了智能消防應(yīng)急疏散照明的技術(shù)背景及目前的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和未來的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),說明設(shè)計(jì)的意義及目標(biāo)。 關(guān)鍵詞: 單片機(jī)、應(yīng)急燈、消防、 RS485 通信 無錫科技職業(yè)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 智能應(yīng)急燈系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ii A Design of MCUbased Controller of Emergency Luminary Abstract: This paper presents an emergency luminary controller based on singlechip microputer. The design uses the MCS51 microcontroller as the core and meets the requirement of the national standards for fire emergency luminary GBl79452020. Firstly, the technical background, the current study and the development trend of the fire emergency evacuation lighting as well as the significance and the objectives of this design are expound. Then, the classification of the fire emergency luminary widely used and the principle of selfpowered emergency luminary for fire fighting are highlighted. The overall structure diagram according to the national standard is also presented. Subsequently, after the key devices were reasonably chosen, the specific circuit diagram of three important modules including the power modules, the CPU module and the photoelectrical isolated munication module are presented. The operation of every module is analyzed. The functions of powerdown detection, power conversion, battery state detection, lighting LED state inspection and RS485 munication are achieved. In the design of software, the work logic of the controller and the main block diagram of the system are introduced. The flowchart to analyze the three states of battery, open circuit, short circuit and the normal are drawn. Keywords: Singlechip microputer 、 Emergency luminary 、 Fire fighting 、RS485munication 無錫科技職業(yè)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 智能應(yīng)急燈系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) iii 目錄 前言 .............................................................................................................................. 1 第一章 智能應(yīng)急燈系統(tǒng) ............................................................................................ 2 智能應(yīng)急燈背景介紹 ................................................................................... 2 相關(guān)技術(shù)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì) ....................................................................... 2 課題意義及其目的 ....................................................................................... 3 第二章 智能消防應(yīng)急燈工作原理 .......................................................................... 4 常用智能消防應(yīng)急燈 ................................................................................... 4 自帶電源型智能消防應(yīng)急燈具工作原理 ................................................... 4 本智能消防應(yīng)急燈設(shè)計(jì)的總體結(jié)構(gòu) ........................................................... 5 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................................... 5 應(yīng)急燈單元 ........................................................................................ 5 第三章 硬件電路分析 ................................................................................................ 6 電源模塊 ....................................................................................................... 6 主電電路 ............................................................................................ 7 Li 電池模塊 ......................................................................................... 8 單片機(jī)模塊 ..................................................................................................11 器件選型 .......................................................................................... 12 分析電路 .......................................................................................... 16 通信模塊 ..................................................................................................... 17 器件選型 .......................................................................................... 17 分析電路 .......................................................................................... 19 第四章 軟件分析 ...................................................................................................... 20 第五章 總結(jié) .............................................................................................................. 22 謝辭 ............................................................................................................................ 23 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................................... 24 附錄 ................................................................................................................
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