【正文】 ............................................... 3 ................................................ 3 ................................................ 4 ................................................ 4 ................................................ 4 .............................................. 5 .............................................. 5 .............................................. 5 ............................................ 5 ................................................ 5 ...................................................... 6 .................................................. 6 .............................................. 6 2 生產(chǎn)工藝 .......................................................... 7 ...................................................... 7 （普通硫鐵礦 FeS2）的焙燒原理 ............................ 7 ............................................ 8 .......................................................... 8 ............................................ 9 .............................................. 9 .................................................... 9 ................................................... 10 濃度 ................................ 10 ................................................... 11 ......................................................... 11 ......................................................... 11 3 工藝計(jì)算書 ....................................................... 12 ........................................................... 12 ..................................................... 13 ................................................... 13 ....................................................... 14 四川理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 目錄 IV ................................................... 14 ................................................... 15 ................................................. 15 ................................................... 15 ................................................. 16 ........................................................... 17 ..................................................... 19 ???? ............................................... 19 ???? ............................................... 19 ???? ................................................... 19 ???? ............................................... 19 ???? ............................................... 20 ???? ............................................. 20 ???? ....................................... 20 分吸收熱 ???? ....................................... 20 ???? .............................................. 20 ?????? ......................... 20 ??????................................. 21 ??????................................. 21 ?????? .............................................. 21 熱損 ?????? ...................................... 21 ?????? ...................................... 21 .................................................... 21 4 主要設(shè)備的工藝計(jì)算和設(shè)備選型 .................................... 23 ............................................... 23 ........................................... 23 床能力 ...................................................... 24 ................................................. 24 ....................................................... 24 ................................................... 25 ..................................................... 25 ....................................................... 25 ................................................... 26 ................................................... 26 ........................................................... 28 ......................................................... 28 ..................................................... 28 ..................................................... 30 ....................................................... 30 ....................................................... 31 拱頂及殼體 ................................................... 31 ..................................... 31 5 “ 三廢 ” 處理 .................................................... 33 ......................................................... 33 四川理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 目錄 V 燒渣的綜合利用 ................................................... 33 ............................................... 33 6 環(huán)境保護(hù)與安全措施 .............................................. 35 ........................................................... 35 ......................................................... 35 ......................................................... 35 ......................................................... 35 ........................................................... 35 ..................................................... 35 ................................................. 36 設(shè)計(jì)評述與心得體會 ................................................ 37 致 謝 ........................................................... 38 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................... 39 附圖 ............................................................... 39 四川理工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 前言 1 前言 硫酸是一種重要的基本化工原料，廣泛應(yīng)用于各個工業(yè)部門。 西方世界的化肥工業(yè)在硫酸消費(fèi)構(gòu)成中約占 65％ 。 這一工序是軋板、冷拔鋼管以及鍍鋅等加工所必需的預(yù)處理．在有色冶金工業(yè)中，濕法冶煉過程用硫酸浸取銅礦、鈾礦和鋇礦；電解法精煉銅、鋅、鎳、鎘等，需用硫酸配制電解液 。 在染料工業(yè)中，硫酸用于制造染料中間體 。從 2021 年起，我國硫酸產(chǎn)量已持續(xù)多年居世界第一位。 我誠懇地希望老師對設(shè)計(jì)中的錯誤或不足之處予以指正。純硫酸的化學(xué)式用 “H2SO4”來表示，也有用 “SO3三氧化硫與水的分子比＞ 1 時，就是三氧化硫在 100%硫酸中的溶液，稱發(fā)煙硫酸。習(xí)慣上把濃度 ≥75%的硫酸叫做濃硫酸，而把 75%以下的硫酸叫做稀硫酸 。而稀硫酸則不會被還原。H2O( 熔點(diǎn) ℃ )、 H2SO4 稀硫酸無此性質(zhì)。 H2SO4 +HF ? FHSO3 + H2O 硫酸對于金屬氯化物會發(fā)生如下的反應(yīng) (M 代表一價金屬離子 )： H2SO4 +2MCl = M2SO4 +2HCl 次氯酸鹽可被硫酸分解為 HClO、 HCl 和 Cl2。 OHSOCOSOHS 22242 23)(2 ?????? 濃 OHSSOSOHSH 22422 2)( ????