【正文】
面來(lái)進(jìn)行 比較 分析 ,找到他們 最近三年的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 然后 運(yùn)用 上 面所提到的各種分析方法進(jìn)行綜合分析。通常財(cái)務(wù)比率 按百分比或倍數(shù)來(lái)表示。 (三)盈利能力比率 盈利能力比率衡量 一個(gè)企業(yè)的盈利能力。 (五 )市場(chǎng)比率 市場(chǎng)比率通常是投資者用來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)一個(gè)企業(yè)的業(yè)績(jī)以確定是否將其 作為投資或入股對(duì)象的 比率。 橫向分析 法 2 橫向分析是 以以前 年 度 的某個(gè)項(xiàng)目為基準(zhǔn), 通過(guò)計(jì)算 分析年度 數(shù)據(jù)的增減變動(dòng)最后 以百分比 的形式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的一種分析方法。 審查說(shuō)明 性 資料 分析法 一般存在于 年度報(bào)告 、 貿(mào)易期刊 以及業(yè)界評(píng)論中的說(shuō)明性資料能夠有效的幫助了解一個(gè)公司的財(cái)務(wù)狀況, 說(shuō)明 性 材料可能討論生產(chǎn)資本 的擴(kuò)張 以及和 目標(biāo)有關(guān)的未來(lái)銷售 計(jì)劃 , 如少數(shù)民族聘用或聯(lián)盟談判, 或者還會(huì) 有助于解釋 一個(gè)公司的股利分配政策。從同行業(yè)中 選擇 三到四個(gè) 公司 然后 根據(jù)其財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表 計(jì)算 八到十個(gè) 比率 ,最后用計(jì)算出的比率與本公司進(jìn)行比較 ,從而使 分析師 意 識(shí)到本公司在同行業(yè)中 落后的 方面。s worth of entries as a baseline while every other year represents differences in terms of changes to that baseline. 3. Vertical Analysis It is a technique for identifying relationship between items in the same financial statement by expressing all amounts as the percentage of the total amount taken as 100. 4. Review of Descriptive Information The descriptive information found in an annual report, in trade periodicals, and in industry reviews helps in understanding the financial position of a firm. Descriptive material might discuss the role of research and development in producing future sales, present data on capital expansion and the goal related such as minority hiring or union negotiations, or help explain the dividend policy of the firm. 5. Comparisons 4 Absolute figures or ratios appear meaningless unless pared to other figures or ratios. Several types of parisons offer insight, . a) Trend Analysis Trend analysis studies the financial history of a firm for parison. It is the parative analysis of a pany39。s financial statements. Financial ratios are usually expressed as a percent or as times per period. a) Liquidity Ratios Liquidity ratios measure a firm’s ability to meet its current obligations. These include Current Ratio, Acid Test Ratio, Sales to Working Capital, Working capital. b) Leverage Ratios Leverage ratios measure the degree of protection of supplier