【正文】 內(nèi)完成，而這個時間限度則是根據(jù)被控制過程的實時性要求確定的。在系統(tǒng)功能方面， DCS 和集中 式控制系統(tǒng)的區(qū)別不大，但在系統(tǒng)功能的實現(xiàn)方法上卻完全不同。 中文： DCS DCS 是分布式控制系統(tǒng)的英文縮寫（ Distributed Control System），在國內(nèi)自控行業(yè)又稱之為集散控制系統(tǒng)。 首先， DCS 的骨架 —系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，它是 DCS 的基礎(chǔ)和核心。因此，衡量系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的指標(biāo)并不是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的速率，即通常所說的每秒 比特數(shù)（ bps），而是系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的實時性，即能在多長的時間內(nèi)確保所需信息的傳輸完成。在系統(tǒng)實際運行過程中，各個節(jié)點的上網(wǎng)和下網(wǎng)是隨時可能發(fā)生的，特別是操作員站，這樣，網(wǎng)絡(luò)重構(gòu)會經(jīng)常進(jìn)行，而 這種操作絕對不能影響系統(tǒng)的正常運行，因此，系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)該具有很強在線網(wǎng)絡(luò)重構(gòu)功能。 DCS 的操作員站是處理一切與運行操作有關(guān)的人機界面（ HMIHuman Machine Interface 或operator interface）功能的網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點。在這二十多年中， DCS 雖然在系統(tǒng)的體系結(jié)構(gòu)上沒有發(fā)生重大改變，但是經(jīng)過不斷的發(fā)展和完善，其功能和性能都得到了巨大的提高。傳統(tǒng)意義上的 DCS 現(xiàn)在僅僅是指生產(chǎn)過程控制這一部分的自動化，而工業(yè)自動化系統(tǒng)的概念，則應(yīng)定位到企業(yè)全面解決方案，即 total solution 的層次。此外，由于系統(tǒng)中各臺計算機所承擔(dān)的任務(wù)比較單一，可以針對需要實現(xiàn)的功能采用具有特定結(jié)構(gòu)和軟件的專用計算機，從而使系統(tǒng)中每臺 計算機的可靠性也得到提高。 DCS 的發(fā)展歷史 DCS 是分布式控制系統(tǒng)的英文縮寫（ Distributed Control System），在國內(nèi)自控行業(yè)又稱之為集散控制系統(tǒng)。 PLC 是一種針對順序邏輯控制發(fā)展起來的電子設(shè)備，它主要用于代替不靈活而且笨重的繼電 器邏輯。 DCS 第二層涵義： Dorsal Column Stimulator[醫(yī) ]脊柱刺激器 在特殊控制領(lǐng)域，如核電站控制系統(tǒng)， DCS 的含義為數(shù)字化控制系統(tǒng)（ Digital control system）。它是一個由過程控制級和過程監(jiān)控級組成的以通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)為紐帶的多級計算機系統(tǒng)，綜合了計算機(Computer)、通訊 (Communication)、顯示 (CRT)和控制 (Control)等 4C技術(shù)，其基本思想是分散控制、集中操作、分級管理、配置靈活、組態(tài)方便。 (3)靈活性 通過組態(tài)軟件根據(jù)不同的流程應(yīng)用對象進(jìn)行軟硬件組態(tài)，即確定測量與控制信號及相互間連接關(guān)系、從控制算法庫選擇適用的控制規(guī)律以及從圖形庫調(diào)用基本圖形組成所需的各種監(jiān)控和報警畫面，從而方便地構(gòu)成所需的控制系統(tǒng)。 DCS 的構(gòu)成方式十分靈活，可由專用的管理計算機站、操作員站、工程師站、記錄站、現(xiàn)場控制站和數(shù)據(jù)采集站等組成，也可由通用的服務(wù)器、工業(yè)控制計算機和可 編程控制器構(gòu)成。 錯誤 !未指定書簽。Euml。 隨著計算機特別是微型計算機與網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展 , 加上各制造商的激烈競爭 , 使 DCS 很快從 70 年代的第一代發(fā)展到 90 年代初的第三代 DCS。 在控制軟件上引入 PLC 的順序控制與批量控制 , 使 DCS 也具有 PLC 的功能。A S,日本橫河的 CEN TUM。 英文翻譯 DCS DCS Distributed Control System is the abbreviation of (Distributed Control System), automation industry in the country is also known as distributed control system. The socalled distributed control system, or in some of the information in the call distribution system, as opposed to centralized control systems, a new puter control system, which is a centralized control system based on the development, evolution and e. It is a process by the process control level and the position of monitoring level munications work as a link to the multilevel puter systems, integrated puter, munication, display and control technologies such as 4C, the basic idea is decentralized control, centralized operations, hierarchical management , flexible configuration, and configuration easy. Function in the system, DCS, and centralized control systems are not very different, but in the realization of system functions methods are pletely different. First, DCS39。, Fischer39。s patented product, each pany in order to protect their own interests, patents are used in the work, which is the whole plant, the management of enterprisewide cause problems. As puters and web development panies to make more use of the control puter technology business, late 8039。s IN FI90, Ro semoun t of the RS3, W est Hoo se of WDPF, L eeds amp。s CEN TUM. Mentioned here are largescale DCS, in order to meet the market needs a lot of the development of small and medium manufacturers of DCS systems such as S9000, MAX2, LXL, A 2 PACS and more. Currently DCS are: Xinhua XDPS, Luneng LN2020, State Power Zhishen DCS, the control DCS, and when Lee DCS, Nanjing Branch far DCS, from Zhejiang and so on. There Westinghouse abroad (Emerson) ovation, FOXBORO, ABB, Siemens PCS7, Honeywell, Yokogawa DCS and so on. 。s I246。 Intelligent variable reference transmitter with fieldbus structure。 400, Bailey39。s rate, known as bits per second (bps), but the realtime system work, which can ensure the long period of time to plete the required information transmission . System work also must be very reliable in any case, work munications are not interrupted, so most manufacturers of DCS were double bus, ring or dual star work topology. Scalability to meet the requirements of the system, the system can access the work should be higher than the maximum number of nodes in the large number of nodes actually used several times. In this way, one can always add a new node, it can also make the system run in a lighter work traffic load conditions, to ensure that the system realtime and reliability. During the actual operation of the system, each node of the Inter and the may occ