【正文】 more than 50% adjacent pipe joints staggered at least a meter. A. pipe roof construction method Lofting accurate measurement personnel, marking the centerline and the vault out of its hole elevation, soil excavation reserved as a core pipe roof construction work platform Excavation footage of meters, after the end of excavation, artificial symmetrical on both sides of excavation (Commodities H) platform, level width of meters, meters high, as construction sets and pipe arch shed facilities drilling platform. Piperoof design position should be and it should be a good hole steel tube, grouting after playing nonporous tube steel, nonporous tube can be used as pipe inspection, Grouting quality inspection, drill vertical direction must be accurately controlled to guarantee the opening hole to the right, End each drilling a hole is a pipe jacking, drilling should always use dippass drilling pipe measuring the deflection, found that the deflection over design requirements in a timely fashion. Pipe joints using screw connection, screw length 15 cm, to stagger the pipe joints, oddnumbered as the first section of the introduction of threemeter steel pipes and even numbered the first section of pipe using 6 meters, After each have adopted sixmeterlong steel pipe. B. pipe roof construction machinery N drilling machinery : XY28300 equipped with electric drill, drilling and pipe jacking long shelf。 The efficacy silicate modulus pressure grouting pressure early pressure ~。 N slurry watercement ratio 1:1 N 35 Baume concentration of sodium silicate。 2mm. adjusted using the standard measurement to determine elevation. Every template fixed a certain distance from the outside to ensure that no displacement, the joints template close fort, not from a slit, crooked and formation, and the bottom connector templates are not allowed to leak plasma. Concrete before reperfusion, the bottom surface of concrete must be clean. When the concrete arrived at the construction site directly installed backward mode of the road bed, and using artificial Huabu uniform. Concrete paver should be considered after the earthquake destroyed the settlement. Unrealistically high can be 10% higher, Lan is the surface elevation and design line. Concrete earthquake destroyed at or anywhere near the corner with plugLan Lan pound for pound order。 Large cracks (crack width greater than 5MM), (if leakage of water, available along the cutting machine cutting a wide cracks around 2~4CM small groove depth approximately 10CM above the water, Cutting a 5 5CM Cube holes room, then insert a pipe 4 4CM MF7 plastic Blind groove, Cutting together into good pressure tank, the introduction of vertical water drains, Finally, cement and water Glass closed mixed mortar cutting groove) without seepage, it is appropriate epoxy mortar, or grouting, Reinforced concrete and other reinforced jet. IV. Example projects NATM is from the introduction of the bolt and shotcrete a category of active support the new technology to promote the use began. Soon, the Chinese engineer on the tunnel not only in substance but also in terms of acceptance of the new Austrian law. To be held in China in the tunnel and underground engineering academic meeting, the new Austrian capital has bee a hot topic. Engineers of the new Austrian law relishes is justified : the use of new Austrian law, has been successful in soft rock and difficult conditions of the construction of various types of underground works. Built on loose sand gravel stratum of Beijing Subway allowed back of the tunnel is a typical example. The tunnel is located in the main street256, 358m long, the largest excavation section 9m high, wide coverage stratigraphic top of the tunnel only minimum thickness . Tunnel boring machine of excavation, strengthen the grid arch shotcrete initial support and advance small catheter care, Without prejudice to ground transportation, underground pipelines to ensure the safety of construction success. In the works is the experience, knowledge of the Chinese engineers, the use of new Austrian law principles can be used in the Mountain Tunnel Mine Act to expand the scope of 河南理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 13 application of the soft rock, even in the fourth strata of municipal shallow tunnel to replace the traditional method of digging or shield. In China, such a method called shallow mining method. Following allowed back lane tunnel, gravel in the same folder of alluvial gravel layer is shallow mining method used to build the span of in the Xidan MTR stations. Changan Avenue in the construction of the new Beijing metro line projects, shallow mining method has been selected as the main method of construction. For example, the Tiananmen Square in Beijing Metro West Point, 226m long, for two doublepole structure. Guangzhou Metro East is shallow mining method used in the construction. Experience shows that from the ground environmental protection, surface subsidence of the dug system and the cost and time period perspective, Shallow Mining Act of open or with the shield are pared with a petitive edge. Chinese engineers from Europe to the introduction of the new Austrian law, and in light of China39。 河南理工大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 11 Then Chunpound beam along the longitudinal Lanpound trailer, With redundant Chunpound concrete beams were dragged shift Trim, Dixian Department should keep leveling Lan facts. Finally, the diameter 75~100mm rolling seamless steel pipe for further leveling. Just do prohibited in the surface spraying water, and threw cement. 5. Water, cable duct construction Install groove wall reinforcement of location accuracy, the line must be linked to the construction. Install groove wall purity, the purity