【正文】 hat ... 是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，意同 I hope that. stay in your house 表示在你家小住。 （ Complimentary Close） 結(jié)束語是寫信人表示自己對收信人的一種謙稱，只占一 行，低于正文一二行，從信紙的中間或偏右的地方開始寫。 ⑦ 對王室成員，如太子、王子、親王和公主等，一般可用（ Dear） Sir 或（ Dear） Madam 但在正式尊稱時，一般用 Your Highness (復(fù)數(shù)為 Highnesses)。 ⑤ 對外國高級官員的稱呼，如國家元首、政府首腦、部長、大使、公使和特使等，可用（ Dear） Sir， （ Dear） Mr. Chairman，（ Dear） Mr. Premier， （ My dear） Mr. Ambassador， Your Excellency （復(fù)數(shù)為 Excellencies）。 ④ 對外公函中對收信人的稱呼，可用 Gentlemen （而不是 Gentleman）， Dear Sir (s)和 My dear Sir(s)等。 Miss 多用于未婚女子，此詞可縮寫為 Ms ，用于姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，一般不用于名字之前。對一般以人名為名稱的公司和企業(yè)常用這種稱呼，例如： Messrs. Black and Brothers 布萊克兄弟公司。 日期可有下列幾種寫法： ① Oct. 20, 2020 ② 10 May., 2020 ③ 3rd June, 2020 ④ Sept. 16th, 2020 其中， ① 最為通用。 ③ 月份名稱多用公認(rèn)的縮寫式。 英語書信通常包括下面幾個組成部分：信端、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語、簽名、附件、再啟等。 私人和公務(wù)信函 概述 書信是日常生活中常用的文體，是用以交涉事宜、傳達(dá)信息、交流思想、聯(lián)絡(luò)感情、增進(jìn)了解的重要工具。下面我們將逐個進(jìn)行介紹。但 May, June, July, 因?yàn)檩^短，不可縮寫。 （ Salutation） 給外國人寫英文信時，稱呼用語要注意以下幾點(diǎn)： ① 對沒有頭銜的男性一般稱呼 Mr. 。 ② 對女性一般稱呼 Mrs.， Madam 或 Miss。 ③ 對收信人的稱呼，也可用頭銜或職位的名稱，不分性別。 Gentlemen 之前不能加 Dear， 后面也不能帶姓名。 ⑥ 對君主制國家的國王和皇帝等男性君主，可以 Sir 稱呼，對女王、女皇和皇后等女性君主，可用 Madam 稱呼。 收信人稱呼 先生（男人） Mr./Esq. 夫人（已婚） Mrs. 小姐（未婚） Miss 夫人、小姐統(tǒng)稱 Ms. 夫婦倆人 Mrs. 兩位或兩位以上男子 Messrs 兩位或兩位以上女子（已婚） Mesdames 兩位或兩位以上小姐（未婚） Misses 常見的頭銜（漢英對照）如下： 教授 Professor 博士 Doctor(Dr.,.) 醫(yī)學(xué)博士 Medical Doctor(.) 總統(tǒng)或校長 President 主席或董事長 Chairman 副主 席或副董事長 Vice Chairman 副總統(tǒng)或副校長 Vice President 首相 Prime Minister 總理 Premier 省長或州長 Governor 市長 Mayor 參議員 Senator 大使 Ambassador 秘書長 Secretary General 一秘 First Secretary 二秘 Second Secretary 院長 Director,Dean 副院長 Vice Director 系主任 Dean,Head,Chair 館長 Chief Librarian,Curator 閣下 Excellency 神甫 Father （ Body of the Letter） 信的正文每段第一行應(yīng)往右縮進(jìn)約四五個字母。第一個詞的開頭字母要大寫，末尾用逗號。 例 2 Directions : Your friend Mary Brown will go to Washington D. C. next month. Write a letter to Tony who is there and introduce Mary to him. You should write about 100 words and do not need to write the address. Dear Tony, This letter will introduce my best friend Mary Brown of whom you’ve often heard me mention. She is going to be in Washington D. C. next month to lecture. I want very much to have her meet you there. And this seems like an excellent chance for you to meet each other. I think both of you will have a lot in mon. So far as I know, you both are interested in modern literature. Once you meet her, you will really enjoy her pany. Any kindness to her will be duly appreciated by me. Yours affectionately, * 這是一個向朋友介紹朋友的介紹信。 spare no effort 不遺余力。以上各詞應(yīng)根據(jù)語意選擇，但不要過于堆砌。正如信中所說，這一成就是 “多年來刻苦學(xué)習(xí)和努力工作的結(jié)果 ”（ years of assiduous study and hard work）。 It is a recognition of 表示這是對某人某事的認(rèn)同和肯定。 例 3 Directions:You plan to apply for admission to Harvard University. You want Mr Black help you with money. Write a letter to him to tell him. 1) The reason for your letter. 2) The sum of money 3) How you make your living in the U. S. You do not need to write the address. Dear Mr. Black， I have applied for admission to Harvard University. As I have no relatives in the United States and I have no enough money for the tuition. I must find a financial guarantor. You know, in applying for a student visa, an affidavit to support must be submitted from an individual who will assure this opportunity. It plays an important role for my chance to enter the Harvard University. Could you do me a favor to be my financial guarantor. If I really have the chance of ing to the U. S., I will undertake parttime employment to cover all the living expenses. Please write to me soon. Yours sincerely, * 出國留學(xué)需要有人經(jīng)濟(jì)擔(dān)保。通常隨求職信附上個人簡歷和兩三封推薦信。 例 6 Directions:You are applying for a position of teaching English as a second language to a University. Write a letter about this. You should write no less than 100 words and the address is not necessary. Dear Sirs, I would like to apply for any position of teaching English as a second language that bee available in the semester of aa professional artist and have taught at the university level. Chinese art is special interest to me,and I took an introductory class in Far Eastern Arts before pleting my Master’s no position is available teaching English as a second language,I could contribute by teaching courses in the recent history of Western art. I enclosed my resume,which indicates my teaching experience and my work with people of various backgrounds. Thank you for your consideration. Sincerely, *此文指出了在最優(yōu)選擇之外提供其它選擇的表達(dá)法。這樣寫法對求職是十分有利的。例如，公司對英語和電腦有所要求，寫信人就說自己已經(jīng)通過大學(xué)英語四級和六級，并且熟悉電腦。 例 4 Directions:Write an application for employment. The application should be presented the details of your personal references. You should write about 100 words. APPLICATION FOR EMPLOYMENT POSITION APPLIED ManagerAsistant AVAILABILITY TO COMMENCE July 1st, 2020 NAME ADDRESSNo. 8 Suzhou Street, Beijing. TELEPHONE 86—010— EMAIL shuangboshi 163. SEX MaleHEIGHT175 cm DATE OF BIRTH Dec .12, 1981 MARITAL STATUSNO NAME OF SPOUSENO HIS OR HER OCCUPATIONNO EDUCATIONMaster NAME OF SCHOOLBeijing, Foreign Language DURATION OF ~ MAJOREnglish DEGREE OBTAINEDMaster of English Art EMPLOYMENT RECORDA Foreign Company COMPANY NAMENeo Company EMPLOYED POSITION HELDsecretary GROSS SALARY PER RMB