sci引言寫作公式(已修改)
2024-11-15 12:04 本頁面
【正文】 第一篇：SCI引言寫作公式良好的開頭是成功的一半。如果能寫好引言部分，作者對于審稿人來說就有置信度（credibility）和好的第一印象；而如果引言部分沒有寫好，整篇文章都會被拖累。寫引言部分的核心目的和基本功能（底線）是向讀者和審稿人說清楚“我為什么要做這個(gè)研究”，能夠自圓其說。而為了達(dá)到這個(gè)目的，有一個(gè)“基本公式”：首先說這個(gè)課題引起廣泛興趣，有重要的理論和應(yīng)用價(jià)值；其次說誰誰誰做了什么，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么，但是什么什么還不清楚，效果還不理想。再次說有鑒于存在的問題，我們在本文中用了什么方法做了什么，得到什么結(jié)果。老練的作者寫引言部分都是按照這個(gè)思路去寫的，用三、四段話就能把引言部分給構(gòu)建好，每一段話功能突出、點(diǎn)到為止。相反，不老練的作者寫引言部分顯得沒有章法，沿著“意識流”，想到什么地方說到什么地方，每一段話沒有功能也沒有結(jié)構(gòu)。為什么有的文章眉毛胡子一把抓？為什么有的文章讀也讀不懂？是因?yàn)楦揪蜎]有按照“公式”去寫！也許有的人會說我誤導(dǎo)研究生，但是事實(shí)上這種對科研寫作有益的“八股文”被寫進(jìn)正宗教科書呢！2008年牛津大學(xué)出版社出版了一本W(wǎng)rite Like a Chemist，里面說到表演喜劇、電視里面做賣車的廣告，都是有一定套路的，不按照套路出牌就吸引不了觀眾，就沒有人來看戲、買車。同理，書中介紹了寫引言部分的“公式”： the Research Area the research area the importance of the research area essential background information about the research area a Gap(or Gaps) the Gap the current work key findings of the current work(optional)The first move, with three submoves, has the broad purpose of describing the general resarch identifies the research topic, and submove stresses its , these two submoves are frequently acplished in the first few sentences of the that only the general topic is mentioned at this point, not the specific workthat is presented in the is where authors summarize essential works in the field and situate the current work in itsappropriate submove does not provide an exhaustive review of the literature but rather includes “sound bites” that alert readers to works that critically influenced the current work or led to fundamental knowledge in the entire move is usually acplished in a few paragraphs, with most attention devoted to submove three submoves are strengthened by citations to the by other authors are cited as well as previous, relevant works by the current second move in the Introduction section(Identify a Gap)shifts the reader39。s attention from what has been done(or learned or understood)to what still needs to be done(or learned or understood).The essence of this move is capyured in the sentence, “Although much is known about X, little is known about Y.” Of course, to correctly identify a gap, the authors must have throughly reviewed the literature。hence, cotations to the literature are mon in this move, a gap has been identified, the third and final move of theIntroduction section is to fill the move typically prises a short paragraph at the end of the Introduction and begins with a phrase like
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