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第一篇:名詞性從句名詞性從句名詞性從句相當于名詞,可分別作主句的主語、表語、賓語和同位語。因此,名詞性從句廳分為主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位從句。一.引導名詞性從句的連接詞連接代詞:who, whose, whom, what, which。有詞義,在從句中擔任成分,如主語、表語、賓語、或定語等。連接副詞:when, where, why, how。有詞義,在從句中擔任成分,作狀語。連接詞:that, whether, if, as if。that 無詞義,在從句中不擔任成分,有時可省略;if(whether), as if雖有詞義,但在從句中不擔任成分。注意:連接代詞與連接副詞在句中不再是疑問句,因而從句中謂語不用疑問式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當句子成分,連接詞whether 和if(是否),as if(好象)在從句中不充當句子成分,只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義,如果連接代詞與連接副詞,whether、if 和as if都用不上時,才用that作連接詞(that本身無任何含義)。(一)主語從句、主語從句在復合句作主語。 will go is not 、用it作形式主語,主語從句放在句末。If/whether doesn’t matter so much whether you will e or .It+be+adj(obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,likely,certain,probable,etc)/名詞詞組(no wonder,an honor , a good thing,a pity,etc)+that從句 ’s certain that she will do well in the exam/It’s no surprise that our team has won the .It+be+過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc)+that從句’s said that has arrived in :that引導主語從句時,在口語和非正式文體中可以省略,但that從句置于開頭時不能省略。 he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.(二)表語從句表語從句的句型及要點。、表語從句在復合句中作表語,位于系動詞之后。疑問詞引導的: question was who could go : 引導表語從句的連接詞that一般不可省去。 idea is that we can get more rades to help in the ,但當主句中含動詞do的某種形式時,that可以省略。如: What I want to do is(that)I can go up to him and thank (三)賓語從句賓語從句在復合句中作賓語。引導詞有疑問詞wh及whether、if(if 和whether 有區(qū)別)。 hope(that)everything is all :以下情況that不可省略:(不考查)。 Father promised that I studied harder he would take me to ,除第一個從句中的that可以省略外,其余從句中的that都不可以省略。4當that偶爾作except和in的賓語時。This book is unsatisfactory in that it lacks a good ,that it lacks a good index就是介詞 in 的賓語從句,這當中的that就不能省略。(四)同位語從句。,一般位于該名詞(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后,說明該名詞的具體內容。 have no idea when he will be fact that he had not said anything surprised 易混點一 :同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別that引導的從句,是定語從句還是同位語從句,我們我們采用“試加 法”,來判斷。The fact that he had not said anything surprised is the fact that you must know 、where、why引導的從句引導定語從句時,其意義與先行詞有關,與先行詞的意義基本相同,沒有疑問意義;但引導同位語從句時,其意義完全與疑問詞相同,即when表示什么時候,where表示哪兒,引導兩種從句時,都在從句中做狀語。如: I still remember the day when I first came to “on the day”它沒有疑問詞“什么時候”的意義,因此是定語從句。I have no idea when she will be ,其意思是“什么時候”,因而是同位語從句。易混點二:reason后面的名詞性從句reason做主語時,后面的表語從句表示原因是要用that引導,一般不用because或why,而用it,this或that做主語時,后面的表語從句可用because或why引導。1.“The reason +連系動詞+that“引導的表語從句。本句型的意思是:理由是:。The reason was that he fell (或This、That)+連系動詞+the reason+why引導的定語從句。本句型意為:這就是。的原因(理由)That is the reason why he failed in the contest, (或This、That)+連系動詞+the reason+because引導的表語從句。本句型意為:這是因為。;這是由于。的緣故。That was because he fell (或This、That)+連系動詞+why引導的表語從句。本句型意為:這就是。的原因。That was why he fell :what、whatever、who、whoever等引導的名詞性從句 我們可以通過與定語從句的轉化知道兩組在意義上的差別。Whatever=anything that(無論什么)Whoever=anyone who(無論誰)Whenever=any time=no matter when(無論何時)Wherever=any place=no matter where(無論何地)這都是泛指。而what、who、when、where則是特指。如: Who spoke at the meeting is unknown The person that spoke at the meeting is breaks the law will be who breaks the law will be :、whoever、whenever、wherever等常引導主語從句、賓語或表語從句,也可以引導狀語從句,等于“no matter +疑問詞”。而no matter +疑問詞只能引導讓步狀語從句。Eg:Whatever I said/No matter what I said, he wouldn’t listen to me..2whoever的賓格還是whoever,一般不用whomever。易混點 whether與if(不做考查)二者都可以作“是否”講,能引導名詞性從句,都不能省略。;注意:在某些動詞后(如:discuss)只能接whether,不能跟if。如: We discussed whether we should close the 、表語從句、同位語從句時都用whether,不用if。如:The question whether he should e himself or send another man hasn’t been he will win is all the same to question is whether you ca