【正文】 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說(shuō)明書(shū) i 摘 要 在城市化進(jìn)程迅速的今天，城市的居住形式主要是生活小區(qū)，那么 小區(qū)供水系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)就顯得尤為重要。而且隨著城市用水量不斷增加，對(duì)供水系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)提出了更高的要求。供水的經(jīng)濟(jì)性、可靠性、穩(wěn)定性直接影響到小區(qū)住戶(hù)的正常生活和工作。 本系統(tǒng)是針對(duì)居民生活用水而設(shè)計(jì)的一套由變頻器 、 PLC、水泵機(jī)組等設(shè)備組成的自動(dòng)變頻恒壓供水控制系統(tǒng)。該 系統(tǒng)將 PLC、變頻器、相應(yīng)的傳感器和執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)，并發(fā)揮各自?xún)?yōu)勢(shì)，能夠最大程度滿(mǎn)足需要，具有運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定、操作簡(jiǎn)單和高效節(jié)能等特點(diǎn) 。該系統(tǒng) 對(duì)變頻器內(nèi)置 PID模塊參數(shù)進(jìn)行預(yù)置，通 過(guò)壓力傳感器對(duì)水壓的反饋構(gòu)成閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)； PID模塊根據(jù)用水量的變化調(diào)節(jié)水泵的輸出流量，實(shí)現(xiàn)恒壓供水，并達(dá)到有效節(jié)能的目的。本文首先介紹了采取變頻調(diào)速方式實(shí)現(xiàn)恒壓供水相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的閥門(mén)控制恒壓供水方式的節(jié)能原理；其次，對(duì)水泵機(jī)組的各種供水狀態(tài)及轉(zhuǎn)換的條件、水泵由變頻轉(zhuǎn)工頻運(yùn)行方式的切換過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析，著重 研究并提出了基于 PLC和變頻器的恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的方案，并給出了硬件設(shè)計(jì)和 PLC控制程序設(shè)計(jì)。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： PLC； 變頻調(diào)速 ； 恒壓供水 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說(shuō)明書(shū) ii ABSTRACT In today39。s rapid urbanization, urban living is mainly living quarters, then the construction of residential water supply system is particularly important. And with the growing urban water demand, water supply systems, the proposed higher requirements. Economics of water supply, reliability and stability to the district residents directly affected the normal life and system is designed for household water set by the frequency converter, PLC, water pump and other equipment consisting of automatic constant pressure water supply control system. System PLC, frequency converter, the corresponding sensors and actuators together anically, and play their respective advantages, the control system easy to operate, not only to the greatest extent to meet the needs of stability and security of its operating performance, simple and convenient mode of operation , and the plete and thoughtful features, will make water saving water, saving, labor saving, high efficiency highquality final run, reliable, energysaving purposes. This paper introduces the way to achieve frequency control constant pressure water supply valve control pared to conventional energysaving principle of constant pressure water supply. Converter builtin PID module on the preset parameters, using hydraulic pressure sensor feedback, closed loop system. According to changes in water consumption, to PID regulation mode, by adjusting the pump output flow, constant pressure water supply and efficient energy. Then it analyzes the state of pump units and conversion of various water conditions, analysis of the pump frequency by the frequency change operating mode of the switch process. Important parts of functional analysis, focusing on research and put forward based on PLC and frequency constant pressure water supply system program, were given control of the hardware design and PLC programming. Keywords: PLC。 frequency control。 constant pressure water supply河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說(shuō)明書(shū) 1 目 錄 1 緒論 .......................................................................................................................... 1 研究背景 ........................................................................................................ 1 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................ 2 供水系統(tǒng)安全性討論 .................................................................................... 2 本文的設(shè)計(jì)思想 ............................................................................................ 3 2 系統(tǒng)的理論分析及方案的確定 .............................................................................. 4 調(diào)速方式的比較與選擇 ................................................................................ 4 控制系統(tǒng)方案 ................................................................................................ 6 供水系統(tǒng)的控制流程 .................................................................................... 9 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)中加減水泵的條件分析 .............................................. 11 3 變頻恒壓供水系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 13 PLC 選型及接線(xiàn) ........................................................................................... 13 PLC 選型 ............................................................................................. 13 PLC 的接線(xiàn)及 I/O 分配 ..................................................................... 16 水泵機(jī)組選型 .............................................................................................. 18 變頻器選型及 接線(xiàn) ...................................................................................... 19 變頻器選型 ........................................................................................ 19 變頻器的接線(xiàn) .................................................................................... 23 PID 調(diào)節(jié)器 .................................................................................................... 23 壓力傳感器 .................................................................................................. 25 系統(tǒng)主電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................... 26 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................ 27 PLC 控制 ....................................................................................................... 27 PLC 程序流程圖 ................................................................................. 27 手動(dòng)運(yùn)行 ............................................................................................ 28 自動(dòng)運(yùn)行 ............................................................................................ 28 編程及介紹 .................................................................................................. 29 總程序的順序功能圖 ........................................................................ 29 自動(dòng)運(yùn)行 順序功能圖 ........................................................................ 30 手動(dòng)模式順序功能圖 ........................................................................ 31 河南理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）說(shuō)明書(shū) 2 系統(tǒng)程序梯形圖設(shè)計(jì) ...........