【正文】 I 具有無線遠傳的溫度法熱計量器設計 摘 要 近年來，隨著地區(qū)經(jīng)濟的迅猛發(fā)展，環(huán)境污染問題越來越嚴重，防止環(huán)境污染，保護環(huán)境，維持生態(tài)平衡，已成為社會發(fā)展的一項重要舉措，也是每個公民應盡的義務。 我國經(jīng)濟快速增長，各項建設取得巨大成就，但也付出了巨大的資源和環(huán)境代價，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與資源環(huán)境的矛盾日趨尖銳，群眾對環(huán)境污染問題反應強烈。這種狀況與經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，不加快調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)、轉(zhuǎn)變增長方式，資源支撐不住，環(huán)境容納不下，社會承受不起，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展難以繼續(xù)。只有堅持節(jié)約發(fā)展、清潔發(fā)展。安全發(fā)展，才能實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展。同時 ，室溫氣體排放引起全球氣候變暖，備受社會廣泛關(guān)注。進一步加強節(jié)能減排工作，也是應對全球氣候變化的迫切需要。 如今取暖已經(jīng)成為了節(jié)能減排的重要目標。本系統(tǒng)的設計可以有效的 控制不合理的浪費，同時也可降低能源的浪費。設計本系統(tǒng)主要的目的是利用SIM300 將供熱戶的室內(nèi)溫度定時的發(fā)送到供熱中心，供熱中心可以及時的發(fā)現(xiàn)熱用戶是否在浪費熱源（如開窗戶，放熱水等）。然后及時的處理熱用戶，或者阻止熱用戶的這種浪費行為。這樣做的目的即實現(xiàn)了節(jié)能減排，又同時進行合理的收取供熱費用，真正的實現(xiàn)了，溫度法熱計量收費的目的。系統(tǒng)擴展 了溫度上下限自動報警，按鍵記錄當前溫度值。同時熱用戶可以把供熱不良的問題及時的反應給供熱中心，這樣做可以達到雙方 有效的憑證。共同為節(jié)能減排做有效的保護措施。本系統(tǒng)還增加了年月，日，時，分，秒，星 II 期等功能。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： SIM300 LCD1602 DS18B20 溫度采集 按鍵 ABSTRACT In recent years, With the rapid development of regional economy，Environmental pollution problem is getting worse， Prevention of environmental pollution, Protect the environment, Maintain ecological balance, Has bee an important measure of social development, Is the obligation of every citizen. China39。s rapid economic growth, The construction has made great achievements, But also paid a huge resource and environmental costs, Economic development and resources and the environment bee increasingly acute contradictions, Masses reacted strongly to environmental pollution problems. This situation and the economic structure is irrational, Do not speed up the adjustment of economic structure, change the mode of growth, Resources can not support, the environment does not fit, can not afford the social and economic development is difficult to continue. Only by adhering to conservation development, clean development. Security and development in order to achieve sound and rapid economic development. Meanwhile, the room temperature gas emissions cause global warming, a subject of widespread concern. Further strengthen energy conservation work, but also respond to the urgent need for global climate change. Today heating energy conservation has bee an important goal. The system is designed to effectively control the unreasonable waste, but also to reduce energy waste. The main purpose of this system design is the use of the heating households SIM300 indoor temperature regularly sent to the central heating, heating center can be found in a timely manner whether the waste heat source heat users (such as opening the window, put hot water, etc.). And timely treatment heat III users, or to prevent such waste heat user behavior. The aim is to achieve energy conservation, but also for a reasonable charge heating costs, the true realization, temperature method heat metering and charging purposes. System extends the upper and lower temperature alarm, keyloggers current temperature value. Meanwhile heat users can put the problem of poor heating timely response to the heating center, doing so both sides can reach a valid certificate. Together for effective protection to energy saving measures. The system also increased the years, days, hours, minutes, seconds, weeks and other functions. Keywords: SIM300 LCD1602 DS18B20 Temperature acquisition Button IV 目 錄 摘 要 ......................................................... I ABSTRACT ..................................................... II 第 1 章 緒論 ................................................... 8 供熱計量器的發(fā)展歷程 .................................... 8 研究的目的和意義 ........................................ 3 研究 /設計的目標 ......................................... 3 第 2 章 系統(tǒng)的工作原理 ......................................... 5 系統(tǒng)的原理 .............................................. 5 CPU（ STC12C5A60S2） 主要性能 ............................. 6 CPU 的主要性能 ....................................... 6 功能特性描述 ......................................... 6 第 3 章 系統(tǒng)的硬件選擇 ........................................ 10 本系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)成 ........................................... 10 本系統(tǒng)的硬件選擇 ....................................... 10 溫度傳感器的選擇 .................................... 11 AD 轉(zhuǎn)換芯片的選擇方案 ............................... 14 每戶終端向供熱公司數(shù)據(jù)傳輸選擇方案 .................. 19 DS1302 時鐘芯片 ..................................... 25 EEPROM 的選擇方案 ................................... 30 顯示電路的選擇 ...................................... 35 V 蜂鳴器模塊設計 ...................................... 39 串口通信的設計 ..................................... 39 按鍵電路的設計 ...................................... 41 電源部分的設計 ..................................... 42 單片機復位電路部分 ................................. 43 第 4 章 軟件設計 .............................................. 45 系統(tǒng)總流程圖 ........................................... 45 各模塊功能流程圖設計 ................................... 45 第 5 章 軟硬 件的調(diào)試過程 ...................................... 51 單片機最小系統(tǒng)的硬件設計 ............................... 51 單片機所有硬件電路的焊接過程 ........................... 51 軟件的調(diào)試過程 ......................................... 52 裝有 SIM300 模塊的硬件通信軟件調(diào)試過程 .................. 53 基本功能實現(xiàn) ........................................... 54 結(jié) 論 ....................................................... 55 致 謝 ....................................................... 57 參考文獻 ..................................................... 58 附錄 1 本設計的整體電路圖 .................................... 60 附錄 2 本設計的主要程序代碼 .................................. 61 VI Contents Abstract ...............................................................................................................I ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... II Chapter 1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 8 Development of heat metering device ................................................