【正文】 安徽建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) (論 文 ) 專(zhuān) 業(yè) 電子信息工程 班 級(jí) 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 課 題 數(shù)字圖像處理方法研究與實(shí)現(xiàn) —— 基于 VC++的圖像增強(qiáng)實(shí)現(xiàn) 指導(dǎo)教師 摘 要 圖像在傳送和轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí) 會(huì)造成圖像的某些降質(zhì)，所以 有必要對(duì) 降質(zhì)的圖像進(jìn)行改善處理。其中的一種方法是不考慮圖像質(zhì)量降低的原因，只 將圖像中感興趣的特征有選擇的突出，從而衰減次要信息。這種方法能夠提高圖像的可讀性，改善后的圖像不一定逼近原始圖像， 但能夠 突出目標(biāo)的輪廓 、 衰減各種噪聲 、 將黑白圖像轉(zhuǎn)換成色彩圖形等。這類(lèi)方法通常稱(chēng)為圖像增強(qiáng)技術(shù)。 II 圖像增強(qiáng)技術(shù)通常有兩種方法：空間域法和頻率域法。空間域法主要是在空間域中對(duì)圖像像素灰度值直接進(jìn)行運(yùn)算處理。 本文 圍繞空間域法， 對(duì)數(shù)字圖像的增強(qiáng)處理進(jìn)行了研究， 著重介紹其中的直方圖、直方圖均衡化及圖像平滑處理中的鄰域平均和中值濾波。 并利用 VC++實(shí)現(xiàn) 上述方法對(duì)圖像的處理。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 圖像增強(qiáng)；直方圖；圖像 平滑；鄰域平均；中值濾波 III Abstract The image in the transmission and conversion cases will cause some blurred image, so， it is necessary for the image to have an improved treatment. One way is to not consider the reasons for degradation of image quality, the characteristics of the image selected outstanding, thereby attenuating less important information. This method can improve the readability of the image, the image after improvement is not necessarily approximate to the original image, such as highlighting the outline of the target, the attenuation of noise, the black and white images into color graphics. This kind of method is usually called the image enhancement technology. Image enhancement technology usually has two kinds of methods: spatial domain and frequency domain method. The spatial domain method is direct putation of pixel gray values in the spatial domain. This paper focuses on the spatial domain method, enhancement of digital image processing are studied, emphatically introduces the histogram equalization and histogram of image smoothing, neighborhood averaging and median filtering. And VC++ is used to realize the method for image processing. Keywords ： Image Enhancement。 Histogram。 Image smooth。 Neighborhood averaging。 Median filtering IV 目 錄 摘 要 .............................................................. I Abstract .......................................................... III 1 緒論 .............................................................. 1 課題背景 ........................................................................................................... 1 圖像增強(qiáng)的研究及發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................................ 2 論文組織結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................ 3 2 圖像增強(qiáng)的基本理論 ................................................ 4 數(shù)字圖像的基本理論 .................................................................................... 4 數(shù)字圖像的表示 ............................................................................................ 4 圖像的灰度 .................................................................................................... 4 灰度直方圖 .................................................................................................... 4 數(shù)字圖像增強(qiáng)概述 .......................................................................................... 4 圖像增強(qiáng)概述 .................................................................................................. 6 圖像增強(qiáng)的定義 ............................................................................................ 6 常用的圖像增強(qiáng)方法 .................................................................................... 6 圖像增強(qiáng)流程圖 ............................................................................................ 8 本章小結(jié) ........................................................................................................... 8 3 圖像增強(qiáng)方法與原理 ................................................ 9 直方圖變換 ...................................................................................................... 9 直方圖修正基礎(chǔ) ............................................................................................ 9 直方圖均衡化 .............................................................................................. 10 圖像平滑 ........................................................................................................ 11 圖像平滑 ...................................................................................................... 11 鄰域平均 ...................................................................................................... 11 中值濾波 ...................................................................................................... 12 本章小結(jié) ......................................................................................................... 12 4 VC++ 以及圖像增強(qiáng)的實(shí)現(xiàn) ........................................ 13 VC++ 簡(jiǎn)介 ................................................................................................. 13 VC++ 簡(jiǎn)介 ............................................................................................. 13 開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境 ............