【正文】 I 煤礦井下防爆柴油機排氣污染監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)設計 摘 要 由于防爆柴油機可以在潛在爆炸性氣體、可燃性氣體、蒸汽及粉塵的環(huán)境下工作，具有防爆性能，在爆炸環(huán)境下工作不會點燃環(huán)境氣體、蒸汽和粉塵，所以經常被用作煤礦井下各種固定和移動設備的防爆動力裝置。然而隨著煤礦井下防爆柴油機的使用量逐年增加，造成煤礦井下防爆柴油機排氣污染越來越嚴重，使得煤礦安全生產面臨著嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。此次設計的主要課題是針對防爆柴油機尾氣（ CO 及 NOx）排放的監(jiān)測報警。此次設計主要分兩大部分來：一是防爆柴油機尾氣的監(jiān)測及自動通風系統(tǒng)，二是通風系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故 障后系統(tǒng)的自動報警。文中首先闡述了 CO 和氮氧化合物監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展及狀況，其次著重介紹了單片機 PIC16F877 尾氣監(jiān)控報警器及通風系統(tǒng)。本設計的硬件電路包括濃度檢測， A/D 轉換，單片機系統(tǒng)，數(shù)據(jù)顯示電路，報警電路，通風系統(tǒng)電路及各控制電路；軟件設計包括濃度采集，數(shù)據(jù)轉換及處理，動態(tài)顯示及濃度控制等。通過軟件設計可實現(xiàn)對 CO 及 NOx 濃度的監(jiān)測并且當濃度超過設定值時可進行加強通風，當通風系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)故障時進行自動報警。可有效的防止煤礦井下中毒，對避免人員傷亡及財產損失有著積極的作用 [1]。 關鍵詞： CO及 NOx 報 警系統(tǒng) 單片機 氣敏傳感器 通風系統(tǒng) II ABSTRACT Because of explosionproof diesel engine can be potentially explosive gas, bustible gas, steam and dust under the environment of work, has the explosion protection performance, in the blast environments work never lit environment gas, steam and dust, so often used as coal mine explosionproof power plant all kinds of fixed and mobile equipment. However, as the coal mine explosionproof diesel engine, due to the increasing use of coal mine explosionproof diesel engine exhaust pollution caused more and more serious, makes the coal mine safety production facing the severe challenges The design main points of two parts: one is explosionproof diesel engine exhaust gas monitoring and automatic ventilation system, the second is the ventilation system failure after the automatic alarm system. Firstly expounds the CO and the development of nitrogen oxides monitoring system and condition, then introduces the microcontroller PIC16F877 exhaust monitoring alarm. This design of hardware circuit including concentration detection, A/D conversion, singlechip microputer system, the data display c ircuit, alarm circuit, the ventilation system circuit and the control circuit。 Through the software design can be realized on the CO and NOx concentration monitoring .Can effectively prevent coal mine poisoning, to avoid casualties and property losses has a positive role. Key words: CO and NOx alarm system single chip microputer ventilation system III and gas sensors 目錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. II 第 1 章 緒 論 .............................................................................................................. 1 選題背景及意義 ................................................................................................. 1 國內外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................................. 2 ................................................................................. 4 第 2 章系統(tǒng)功能介紹及方案設計 ................................................................................. 6 .................................................................................................. 6 .................................................................................................. 6 ........................................................................................................ 7 第 3 章各部分的電路選擇與設計 ................................................................................. 9 ..................................................................................................... 9 ................................................................................................ 10 、電壓、采集電路的設計 ............................................................................ 12 ......................................................................................... 13 ..................................................................................... 13 A/D轉換電路的設計 ............................................................................... 15 振蕩監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)電路設計 ............................................................................... 17 ...................................................................................... 18 ......................................................................................... 19 ................................................................................................ 21 第 4 章 風機的變頻調速 ............................................................................................ 23 ............................................................................ 24 ................................................................................... 25 變頻調速的硬件部分 ......................................................................................... 25 第 5 章軟件的設計 ...................................................................................................... 29 主流程設計圖 ................................................................................................... 29 ................................................................................................ 30 .......................................................................................................... 31 ......................................................................................... 32 結 論 ......................................................................................................................... 34 致 謝 ......................................................................................................................... 35 參考文獻 ..................................................................................................................... 36 附錄 1 系統(tǒng)整體硬件電路圖 ...................................................................................... 38 附錄 2 各部分電源電路圖 ......................................................................................... 39 附錄 3 電流與電壓檢測電路圖 ............