【正文】
本科畢業(yè)論文 基于 PLC 的 液位 控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 考生姓名: 準(zhǔn)考證號: 專業(yè)層次: 工業(yè)自動化 (本 )院 (系): 電子信息工程學(xué)院 指導(dǎo)教師: 職 稱 : 二 OO 年十月 I 摘要 本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計的課題是基于 PLC 的液位控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。在設(shè)計中,筆者主要負(fù)責(zé)的是 數(shù)學(xué)模型的建立和 控制算法的設(shè)計,因此在論文中設(shè)計用到的 PID 算法提到得較多 , PLC 方面的知識較少 。 本文的主要內(nèi)容包括: PLC 的產(chǎn)生和定義、過程控制的發(fā)展、 水 箱的特性確定與實驗曲線分析, FX2 系列 可編程控制器的硬件掌握, PID 參數(shù)的整定及各個參數(shù)的控制性能的比較,應(yīng)用 PID 控制算法所得到的實驗曲線分析,整個系統(tǒng)各個部分的介紹和 講解 PLC 的過程控制指令 PID 指令 來控制水箱水位。 關(guān)鍵詞 : FX2 系列 PLC, 控制對象特性 , PID 控制算法 , 擴充臨界比例法 , PID 指令 ,實驗 。 II The liquid level control system based on PLC ABSTRACT The subject of graduation design is based on PLC, liquid level control system design. In the design, the author is mainly responsible for the mathematical model and control algorithm design, so the design used in the paper referred to was more PID algorithm, PLC in less knowledge. Main contents of this article: PLC creation and definition, process control, development, and water tanks and experiment to determine the characteristics curve analysis, FX2 series PLC hardware control, PID tuning parameters and various parameters of the control performance parison, the application PID control algorithm obtained experimental curve analysis, the entire system, introduce and explain the various parts of the PLC process control mands to control the tank level PID instruction. Keywords: FX2 series PLC, the control object characteristics, PID control algorithm, to expand the critical proportion method, PID instruction, experimental. III 目 錄 中文摘要 ......................................................................................................................... I 英文摘要 ........................................................................................................................ II 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................................. 1 PLC的產(chǎn)生、定義及現(xiàn)狀 ....................................................................................... 1 的產(chǎn)生、定義 ......................................................................................... 1 的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................. 1 ...................................................................................................... 2 、主要內(nèi)容 .................................................................................... 3 本文研究的目的、意義 .................................................................................. 3 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 ..................................................................................... 3 2 FX2 系列 PLC 和控制對象介紹 ........................................................................ 5 三菱 PLC控制系統(tǒng) ................................................................................................ 5 CPU模塊 ...................................................................................................... 5 I/O 模塊 ........................................................................................................ 6 電源模塊 ....................................................................................................... 6 過程建模 ............................................................................................................... 6 一階單容上水箱對象特性 ............................................................................. 6 二階雙容下水箱對象特性 ............................................................................ 11 3 PID 調(diào)節(jié)及串級控制系統(tǒng) ...............................................................................15 PID調(diào)節(jié)的各個環(huán)節(jié)及其調(diào)節(jié)過程 .........................................................................15 比例控制及其調(diào)節(jié)過程 .................................................................................16 比例積分調(diào)節(jié) ...............................................................................................16 比例積分微分調(diào)節(jié) ........................................................................................17 串級控制 ..............................................................................................................18 串級控制系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................18 串級控制系統(tǒng)的特點 ....................................................................................19 串級控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 ....................................................................................19 擴充臨界比例度法 ................................................................................................21 三菱 FX2 系列 PLC中 PID指令的使用 .................................................................22 PLC中的 PID控制的編程 .................................................................................23 回路的輸入輸出變量的轉(zhuǎn)換和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 ............................................................23 ............................................................................................................25 IV 4 控制方案設(shè)計 .........................................................................................................27 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................27 上水箱液位的自動調(diào)節(jié) .................................................................................27 上水箱下水箱液位串級控制系統(tǒng) ...................................................................29 硬件設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................................29 檢測單元 ......................................................................................................29 控制單元 ......................................................................................................30 ...............................................................................................................31 5 運行 ......................................